McClellan Genealogy Essay Example

McClellan Genealogy Essay Name: Course: Teacher: Date: We will compose a custom paper test on McClellan Genealogy explicitly for you for just $16.38 $13.9/page Request now We will compose a custom exposition test on McClellan Genealogy explicitly for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Recruit Writer We will compose a custom exposition test on McClellan Genealogy explicitly for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Recruit Writer McClellan Genealogy The McClellan parentage is among the most punctual recorded family trees, going back to the fourteenth century. Its name was a blend of Scottish names, Gaelic Mac Gille Fhaolain and Irish names, Mac Giolla Fhaolain. The name spoke to the last name of the family. The family was very broad in numbers over the Galloway territory during the fourteenth century. Similar to the convention for most families, McClellan family had an ensign or family peak with its importance and hugeness. From the start, the emblem was intended for distinguishing proof during fights and competitions. At that point, perusing was hard for a great many people. Taking into account that the men were defensively covered from head to toe, the requirement for distinguishing proof emerged so as to recognize each other on combat zones. Subsequently, emblem was recorded on the protective caps and their shields hued the equivalent for ID. This was important since they secured their heads too, making it difficult to see wh o was the foe. Before long, the peaks were utilized for family purposes for recognizable proof including last names. In this way, this heredity of the last name and the ensign appeared with a point of distinguishing a family in an extraordinary manner (4crests.com n.d). Along these lines, the McClellan had its peak that recognized them just as portrayed their qualities. The emblem has extra importance and criticalness. The shade of the crest on the shield connotes liberality, suggesting that the family was altruistic. The two bolt formed lines looking upwards represented the top of a house that, as indicated by the family, connotes insurance and steadfast help (irishsurnames.com 2009). The hand at the highest point of the court of arms speaks to an individual fit for arrogant deeds, which implies the capacity of the McClellan family. The protective cap on the shield means knowledge in safeguard. Leaves encompassing the court of arms imply quality and relic. Work refered to Irishsurnames.com. Heraldic Charges. irishsurnames.com, 2009. Web. January 11, 2013. 4crests.com. Emblem Family Crests Store: McClellan Coat of Arms/McClellan Family Crest. 4crests.com, n.d. Web. January 11, 2013.

Popular Opinion of Under a Cruel Star

Prevalent attitude of a Cruel Star Heda Margolius Kovaly was a lady who during her time in Czechoslovakia survived numerous brutal periods for the nation, yet individuals of Jewish legacy too. Her diary Under a Cruel Star reveals to her account of hardship from 1941 to 1968. In this diary she clarifies her time in Auschwitz, her getaway, just as life in Communist Czechoslovakia, focusing more on the hardships of Czechoslovakia after World War II.While Kovaly’s journal portrays the enduring of the Czechoslovakian individuals just as the Slansky preliminaries, which her first spouse was a casualty of, she never truly addresses the way that huge numbers of the individuals attempted, sentenced, and killed were of Jewish not too bad. In any case, an article entitled â€Å"A ‘Polyphony of Voices’? Czech Popular Opinion and the Slansky Affair,† by Kevin McDermott delineates the enduring of the Czech individuals just as the preliminaries in a totally extraordinary way, tending to the counter Semitic activities of the Czechoslovakian government under the standard of Joseph Stalin and the impact that followed his death.Both the journal and the article clarify the Slansky Trial, each with an alternate view. In Kovaly’s diary her significant other was one of the Jewish KSC pioneers which were had a go at during that time. It is clarified in content that her better half had no association with Richard Slansky, however it left him doubting the long stretches of dedication he made to the socialist government. While the Kovaly point of view shows a pariahs perspective on what was going on to Slansky McDermott’s article clarifies why and how Slansky was brought to trial.The article clarifies how Slansky was an incredible pioneer in the KSC party, â€Å"he was successfully second in order to Gottwald, liable for the everyday running of the gathering machine and co-answerable for defining strategy and vital direction†¦ He was an indi vidual from the party’s top dynamic bodies. † Stalin sent a letter to Gottwald expressing that he had â€Å"committed various errors† in advancing driving work force which hosts made a danger the get-together and the individuals and exhorted him to evacuate Slansky. This could have been caused through a change in geopolitical help In the Middle East.This could surmise that Stalin’s expanding against Semitic propensities affected Czechoslovakia. Other than the way that both Kovaly and Slansky were Jewish another purpose behind their downfall was their distinctive view on the socialist perfect. When Heda attempts to implore her significant other to leave his administration position he reacts by saying â€Å"if all the respectable individuals leave now, things will deteriorate. † Leaders like Slansky and Kovaly trusted in the socialist party very one for the individuals, they didn't accept kickbacks or post for just themselves.They attempted to do usef ul for the gathering and the individuals. In any case, the Czech economy was falling flat, there was boundless social discontent and with that brought exhibitions and strikes. â€Å"Workers all around reviled the way that everything is beloved and wages are low†¦ A year prior salami cost 8 crowns and today it’s 28 crowns. † The administration required a substitute and Slansky (mostly him) just as numerous Jewish authorities were the ideal individuals to fault. Vzpominky Goldstucker really talked about Slansky saying â€Å"†¦He was cleverer than all the others so they needed to dispose of him. †When the capture of Kovaly’s spouse occurred and her loved ones discovered, individuals intentionally kept away from her and cut off all contact with her. The administration had viably impacted individuals to fear conflicting with them by arranging captures and preliminaries, for example, Kovaly’s spouse. A great deal of what Kovaly writes in her jo urnal shows her being alienated by society. Her husband’s capture was one of those occasions. She composed that individuals would spit at her and others who resembled her were stoned. Now in her journal she doesn’t notice any enemy of Semitic acts, just the alienated impact that accompanied her â€Å"traitorous† husband’s arrest.When the preliminaries started Heda was hospitalized because of her being tired of lack of sleep, hunger, and stress, while she was in the medical clinic she heard her significant other present an announcement on the radio. Hearing his â€Å"flat and halting† voice persuades that he is rehashing a composed articulation which he had to remember. Both Kovaly and McDermott address this subject of torment and constrained proclamations. McDermott composes that the direct of the court hearings went under analysis among residents. A few people are stating that they have the feeling that the preliminary is a show practiced in advan ce†¦ on the grounds that the blamed answer so fluidly as though they are perusing their announcement. † Slansky had to do something very similar. He initially apologized for permitting some off-base individuals to endure the administration stepping stool, however denied ever being traitorous, that was until the mystery police started to examine him. They utilized a progression of â€Å"physical and mental weights verging on torture† which at long last impact him to admit his â€Å"guilt†.While both Kovaly and McDermott tended to the torment that a portion of the detainees got to impact their admission, Heda tended to an individual encounter concentrating just on her significant other while McDermott’s article tends to a few sources just as clarified further detail why the torment was utilized. With the system change it was composed that â€Å"The Death of Stalin Means Death to Communists. † The system changed in 1956 and Kovaly composes that Ni kita Kruschev gains power and scrutinizes Stalin’s rule. Rapidly satellite countries start discharging detainees and pronounce them to be rehabilitated.The party even conceded that admissions were constrained through torment, drugs, and mental control. The article defends these focuses which Kovaly is making just as makes it one stride further by clarifying a portion of the signs residents were evidently posting in the towns. Despite the fact that Stalin was dead his enemy of Semitic impact was most certainly not. A model would be an engraving found on the ground floor of a private square which read â€Å"DEATH TO THE JEWISH TRAITORS-TO JEWS, GOTWALD AND THE JOINT-WE WANT A NATIONAL GOVERNMENT. † Although not referenced by Heda Kovaly, disdain towards Jewish individuals was as yet present after Stalin’s death.People were impacted to accept that it was Jewish pioneers flaw for the hurt economy which is the reason numerous jokes, remarks, and practically battling broke out. Despite the fact that the outrageous contempt towards Jewish individuals was un-purposefully openly made it developed to something that the administration could nearly not control. While Kovaly’s diary portrays the enduring of the Czechoslovakian individuals just as the Slansky preliminaries, which her first spouse was a casualty of, she never truly addresses the way that a large number of the individuals attempted, sentenced, and slaughtered were of Jewish decent.However, Kevin McDermott delineates the enduring of the Czech individuals just as the preliminaries in a totally extraordinary way, tending to the counter Semitic activities of the Czechoslovakian government under the standard of Joseph Stalin and the impact that followed his passing. This distinction in verifiable concentration during a similar timeframe happens in light of the fact that Kovaly is composing on close to home understanding while McDermott isn't. His examination anyway allows weight to be b rought to the encounters which Kovaly is composing by demonstrating subtlety which she is missing.Still, Kovaly’s work lacks the reference of hostile to Semitic acts which were very present during that time and ceaselessly present in the article. â€â€â€â€â€â€â€â€â€â€â€â€â€â€â€ [ 1 ]. McDermott, Kevin. â€Å", â€Å"A ‘Polyphony of Voices’? Czech Popular Opinion and the Slansky Affair,†. †Ã‚ Slavic Review. 67. no. 4 (2008): 840-865. (846) [ 2 ]. McDermott 847 [ 3 ]. McDermott 847 [ 4 ]. Kovaly, Heda. Under a Cruel Star: A Life in Prague 1941-1968. Cambridge, MA: Plunkett Lake, 1986. Print. (101) [ 5 ]. McDermott, Kevin. , â€Å"A ‘Polyphony of Voices’? Czech Popular Opinion and the Slansky Affair,†. †Ã‚ Slavic Review. 67. no. 4 (2008): 840-865. [ 6 ]. McDermott 859 [ 7 ]. Kovaly 150 [ 8 ]. Kovaly, Heda. Under a Cruel Star: A Life in Prague 1941-1968. Cambridge, MA: Plunkett Lake, 1986. Print. 170 [ 9 ]. McDermott 852 [ 10 ]. McDermott 856/857 [ 11 ]. McDermott, Kevin. â€Å", â€Å"A ‘Polyphony of Voices’? Czech Popular Opinion and the Slansky Affair,†. †Ã‚ Slavic Review. 67. no. 4 (2008): 840-865. 849 [ 12 ]. McDermott 859 [ 13 ]. McDermott 859

Anosognosia Condition and Anorexia

Anosognosia Condition and Anorexia October 18, 2019 PM Images, Stone, Getty Images More in Eating Disorders Symptoms Treatment Diagnosis Awareness and Prevention Perhaps one of the most troublesome symptoms of  anorexia nervosa  and other restrictive eating disordersâ€"especially for family members and treatment professionalsâ€"is the patient’s belief that he or she is not ill. The common consequence of not believing one is ill is that he or she does not want to get well.  Indeed, a patient’s lack of concern for the problem has long been a defining feature of anorexia nervosa. As far back as 1873, Ernest-Charles  Lasègue, a French doctor who was one of the first to describe anorexia nervosa, wrote: “I do not suffer and must then be well, is the monotonous formula.” Clinical studies, as reported by Dr. Vandereycken, have reported “denial of illness” to be present in as many as 80% of the anorexia nervosa patients surveyed. In some populations of anorexia nervosa patients, this percentage may be lower. Denial of illness is common in people with eating disorders. In fact, lack of insight into the severity of illness is a defining feature of anorexia nervosa. In a study by Konstantakopoulos and colleagues,  a subgroup of anorexia nervosa patients (24%) had severe impairment of insight.  They also found that patients with restrictive anorexia nervosa had poorer overall insight than patients with anorexia nervosa, binge-purge subtype. The diagnostic criteria for anorexia nervosa include a “disturbance in the way in which one’s body weight or shape is experienced.” Patients may be extremely emaciated, yet believe they are overweight. The Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fifth Edition (DSM-5), states: “individuals with anorexia nervosa frequently either lack insight into or deny the problem.” How Eating Disorders Are Diagnosed In earlier writings about anorexia nervosa, this lack of awareness of the problem was often called denial, having been first described when psychodynamic theories predominated. However, the condition has more recently been renamed  anosognosia. This term was originally used by neurologists to describe a neurological syndrome in which people with brain damage have a profound lack of awareness of a particular deficit. Anosognosia, or lack of awareness, has an anatomical basis and is caused by damage to the brain. More recently the term began to also be applied to psychiatric conditions such as schizophrenia and bipolar disorder. Brain imaging studies seem to indicate a brain connection between anosognosia and these conditions.   The National Alliance on Mental Illness (NAMI) reports that anosognosia affects 50% of people with schizophrenia and 40% of people with bipolar disorder, and is believed to be the primary reason that patients with these disorders often do not take their medication. Applying the term anosognosia to anorexia nervosa makes sense because we know that the  brain is affected by malnutrition. In a paper in 2006, Dr. Vanderycken wrote, “In many cases of anorexia nervosa, the striking indifference in the face of emaciation looks akin to the anosognosia described in neurological disorders.” In 1997, Dr. Casper wrote, “The lack of concern to the potentially dangerous consequences of undernutrition indeed suggests that alarming information might not be processed or might not reach awareness.” Someone with a malnourished or damaged brain may not be thinking clearly enough to use denial as an emotional defense mechanism. Compensatory Behaviors in Eating Disorders Implications Viewing anorexia nervosa through the lens of anosognosia has significant ramifications.  If an individual suffering a severe mental illness with  life-threatening complications does not believe he or she is ill, he or she is unlikely to be receptive to treatment. This increases the potential risks for medical problems as well as a long course of illness. These individuals may be incapable of insight-oriented treatment, which was, until recently, a common treatment for anorexia nervosa. This is one reason there is often a need for  more intensive treatment  such as residential care. It is also why  family-based treatment  (FBT) may be more successful: in FBT, parents do the behavioral heavy lifting of restoring a patient’s nutritional health. When someone with an eating disorder refuses to believe they are ill or seems disinterested in recovery, they arent necessarily being defiant or resistant. Its more likely that they are incapable of insight. Fortunately, motivation is not required for recovery if your loved one is a minor or is a young adult who is financially dependent. You can be firm and insist on treatment for them. Dr. Vandereycken writes that “communicating with someone who has an eating disorder but denies it is not easy.” He suggests three strategies for loved ones: Show support and concern (otherwise you will seem uncaring);Express empathy and understanding; andTell the truth. In summary, anosognosia is a brain condition; it is not the same as denial. Fortunately, the brain recovers with renourishment and a return to a healthy weight. Motivation and insight usually return in time for the individual to tackle the remainder of their own recovery. How Anorexia Affects the Brain Further Reading A review of research studies on anosognosia in mental Illness is available through the Treatment Advocacy Center.  Laura Collins has written about anosognosia in anorexia nervosa.

The Death Penalty Laws Date - 1505 Words

The first established death penalty laws date as far back as the Eighteenth Century B.C. in the Code of King Hammurabi of Babylon, which codified the death penalty for 25 different crimes (History of the Death Penalty 1). Executions back then relied on more torturous methods without regard to the executed. As the use of the Death Penalty was issued out, its popularity spread throughout the neighboring countries and has become more refined for modern use. In June of 2004, â€Å"New York’s death penalty law was declared unconstitutional by the state’s high court† (â€Å"History†¦Ã¢â‚¬  3). Between the early 1950’s and late 1970’s, the death penalty became suspended for going against the constitution, only to get reinstated after the brief pausing period. Having to take a pausing period to consider options for taking a human life merely demonstrates how confused and undecided the supreme court can be when it comes to choosing the route of convic ts. According to the Bureau of Justice, before the Kennedy v. Louisiana case of 2008, in Texas, â€Å"..the only other penalty punishable by death besides murder is the rape of a child under 14..† (â€Å"History...† 16). No convictions have happened since establishment, yet the supreme court finds it okay to take a human life despite the convict not taking one themselves. While rape is punishable by multiple years or sentences depending on severity in Texas, deciding to take the life of a human being when no murder has been conducted shows how unfairly a courtShow MoreRelatedThe Death Penalty Should Be Abolished1691 Words   |  7 PagesThesis: The death penalty has to be abolished if American society wishes to progress. I. Introduction The death penalty, or capital punishment, is an archaic and barbaric practice; a fallacy of the criminal justice system. II. In the history of death penalty tells the accounts of the dramatic change over four centuries III. Counter argument A. Justice is the leading argument of supporters of capital punishment B. Supporters of the death penalty argue that the death penalty provides retributionRead MorePros And Cons Of The Death Penalty1104 Words   |  5 PagesKill the killer! The death penalty should be allowed in all 50 states because the death penalty deters crime, helps with overcrowding, the bible says it is okay, and helps the victims’ families. The death penalty, also known as capital punishment, has been around for centuries. â€Å"It dates as far back as the Ancient Laws of China, the death penalty has been established as a punishment for crimes,† says Michael H. Reggio. The death penalty was adopted by many countries because of its ability to deterRead MoreBureau Of Justice Statistics : The United States Primary Source For Criminal Justice1439 Words   |  6 Pagesefficient and evenhanded. The website is relevant to my topic as the site have information such as information on executions, trends, clear definition, and time between imposition of death sentence and execution. The site was revised the same date of access, therefore the information is up to date and would be useful. Death Penalty: Pros and Cons ProCon.org. n.p.13 Apr. 2009. Web. 25 Nov. 2014. ProCon.org is a nonprofit public charity. It provides resources for critical thinking without bias. The informationRead MoreCapital Punishment : An Ultimate Torture Method Essay1352 Words   |  6 Pages Capital punishment has been used as a penalty for criminal behavior for many years; however, its’ utilization has not been constant throughout American history. The basis of capital punishment has undergone a number of changes and improvements in the past, essentially alternating in and out of public favor. At its’ start, capital punishment was ultimately used as a means of torture. Criminals were bludgeoned, boiled, burned, torn apart by animals, etc.—it was an ultimate torture method. ThroughoutRead MoreCapital Punishment : The Death Penalty1452 Words   |  6 PagesThe death penalty also known as capital punishment is when the government decides whether or not to kill a person depending on their crime. If it’s a petty crime you won’t be considered for death penalty but when you commit a heinous crime such as mass murder or rape and murder the courts may rule for you to get the death penalty. The death penalty can date back hundreds of years ago to the 13th century when the Code of Hammurabi was created. One of its infamous laws was â€Å"an eye for an eye†. WhenRead MoreA Research Paper : States And Capital Punishment845 Words   |  4 Pagesâ€Å"States and Capital Punishment.† Ncsl.org, 2 Feb. 2017, www.ncsl.org/research/civil- and-criminal-justice/death-penalty.aspx. The use of this data is aimed to emphasize that more than half of the country has the death penalty in their prison systems. The writer, that is, The National Conference of State Legislatures, is a nonpartisanship agency who serves as a researcher for state and state-federal legislations that impact state politics, the agency was established in 1975, because of theRead MoreThe Death Penalty Has Been Considered An Issue Since The1607 Words   |  7 PagesThe death penalty has been considered an issue since the Eighteenth century, when the first established death penalty laws were in effect. There are vast differences in the way people view the death penalty; some oppose it and some agree with it. In the recent decades the death penalty has become a more popular controversial topic. The people who oppose the death penalty have very different reasons than people who agree with it. Death penalty advocates believe that the death penalty deters crimeRead MoreThe Death Penalty And The Imp acts On Society1540 Words   |  7 Pagesresearch my final paper on was the death penalty and the impacts on society it has. As the death penalty is widely discussed topic from many angles and perspectives so within this topic there was many ways for me to go about this and research it. One of the methods I personally enjoyed was watching American death row documentaries. These documentaries show a perspective that s hard to understand from just reading it on a scholarly or pop culture source. The death penalty was also known as â€Å"capital punishment†Read MoreShould The Death Penalty Be Responsible For Making Such A Decision?1651 Words   |  7 Pagesto support these opinions or are they just that: opinions? The death penalty is something that has been around for centuries, but lately it has been the center of many controversies. While there are no cut and dry answers to these questions, there is one thing that is certain; before we are quick to make assumptions on the issue, there are some basic facts that we should first be made aware of when deciding whether the death penalty provides closure to families, or if it is legal murder carried outRead MoreCapital Punishment Essay781 Words   |  4 Pagesfighting for a safe and just world, and those who want to abolish the death penalty, weakening our already struggling legal system. Capital punishment may be a controversial subject, but it is one that must be addressed with todays violent society. The death penal ty provides the necessary punishment and deterrent for criminals in the United States. The possibility of executing an innocent man is the main ammunition for anti-death penalty movements. A quote from an article in the Boston Herald written

Case Study on Marketing and Strategy Management in the Global Marketplace

How would you tradeoff the degree of country risk versus the business environment ratings, taking into consideration the market size as expressed by the PDI in 2015? When looking at the risk factors for doing business in India, I believe that it is safe to say that it would not be an endeavor that comes without dangers, especially given the larger income disparity found in the country. However, given the personal disposable income levels found on average in the Indian population, especially in the year 2015, the nearly 40% increase in the next five years in the market size of the Indian people makes it worth weathering the moderate risks involved. Compared to the PDI in 2015, entering into business in India in 2011 is not as good a proposition, due to the substantial drop in available income to take advantage of. However, all the same, even considering the risks, it is extremely easy to start a business there, and   the tax rates are still low enough as to make maintaining a business there affordable, even with only moderate profit margins. How would you prioritize the BRIC countries in terms of developing a global business strategy? I believe that India is on fairly equal footing with Russia, Brazil and China, though it has substantial advantages in having comparatively low public debt, high usage of technology, and   high population growth rate, despite not having as high a GDP as the other three BRIC countries. If I were to develop a global business strategy, I would attempt to get a strong foothold into India first, due to the incredible growth their PDI will experience in the next few years, while still keeping moderate tabs on the progress of China, Brazil, and Russia, in case the wind changes directions.

Company Policy for S-S Technology Free Essays

Recruitment Policy Purpose To ensure that required staffs are appointed at required interval for S-S Technology. Responsibility Relevant department manager shall responsible to submit staff requisition form upon staff requirement. HER manager shall review and arrange for recruitment as per requested Information. We will write a custom essay sample on Company Policy for S-S Technology or any similar topic only for you Order Now Procedure When staff requirement request from concerned department manager who shall complete the staff requisition form and submit to HER. HER shall review and take approval from management for initiating recruitment process. HER shall make vacancy announcement as appropriate ways such as Journals, newspaper, notices, etc and collect applicant’s C.V.. HER manager shall review collected C.V. and inform to applicants as appropriate ways for Interview. Interviewee or candidate shall fill application Issued by their selves. HER shall conduct the Interview and make decision for appointment for interview. HER. Related manager and GM shall make interview for selected candidates. HER shall submit to management to get approval of new appointment. After selected candidate, HER shall fill record, personal data, and agreement on S-S Technology rules. HER shall explain to new staff the S-S Technology rules detail and other requirements. Provisional period shall be defined as three months but It can be varied based on the assessment of department manager. If the performance of staff is found to be satisfactory after provisional period, department manager shall inform to HER for permanently appointment by appropriate way. HER manager shall issue permanent appointment letter after getting approval from management and inform to finance. HER staff shall keep all records of Taft in personnel data files. References ; Employee Requisition, Application Form, Interview Assessment Form, Request for Medical Test Form, Appointment Letter, Evaluation of New Employee’s Job Performance, Permanent Letter, Personal data(C.V.),.. Etc. Performance Appraisal Policy The purpose is to give each employee to know how their performance, behavior and potential are evaluated by manager to improve confidence, to provide improvement of work performance. Responsibility Department manager Is responsible for analyzing competency of responsible staff heir performance in yearly basis. MD/GM is responsible to make performance evaluation for managers. Requirements For manager level – MD/GM shall conduct performance evaluation of managers and above level. – For below manger level – Department manger shall conduct performance evaluation and submit appraisal form to HER. – HER manager shall review and compile proposed comments from appraisal and discuss with MM/ Managers to proceed for improvement. HER manager is responsible to review appraisal outcomes in order to provide necessary training program or provision or resources. – HER manager and related manager shall discuss to upgrade skills of employee and to determine training needs including resource requirements on yearly basis. References Performance Appraisal, Master Skills Matrix. Training Policy To ensure staff are competent to perform their task and ensure to provide necessary training at requested interval. Responsibility HER is responsible to prepare and arrange the training plan after getting approval from management. Department manager is responsible to evaluate their staff competency and communicate with HER for arranging required training. Procedure HER manager shall prepare the training plan based on training requests from department managers and take approval from management. Upon requirement of training, department manager shall fill the nominations for training course and submit to HER. HER shall submit to management for getting approval from management. HER manager and related manager shall arrange the training requirements at requested time. After training is completed, HER manager shall keep the training records such as nomination, record list, course register, evaluations. Trainee and trainer evaluation shall be made to training to get effectiveness of training evaluation as reference. The related manager shall provide the provisional or on Job training defined by managers. Training certificate, if applicable and personal training record shall be updated by HER staff and keep in each relevant personal file. References : Training Request Form, Training Plan Form, Training Record List, Training Course Register, Training Evaluation (trainer), Training Evaluation (trainee), Personal Training Record. How to cite Company Policy for S-S Technology, Papers

The Gunfight at the OK Corral Essay Example For Students

The Gunfight at the OK Corral Essay Hollywood has an unquestionable tendency to dramatize events to make them more appealing to the audience. This happens to be the case in The Gunfight at the OK Corral. Although Hollywood documented the events leading up to, and the actual gunfight relatively accurate, they failed to include some small incidents and confrontations that may have very well contributed to the outcome in Tombstone. The film begins in Fort Griffin, Texas with â€Å"Doc† Holliday in trouble after he killed a man in a saloon. Although it was clearly self-defense, a lynch mob gathered to hang Doc. This is when Wyatt Earp sets up a distraction and arranges for Doc Holliday’s escape. Doc felt he was in great dept to his savior and wound up in Dodge City, Kansas, where Wyatt is marshalling. After some talk between the two, Earp decides to let the notorious killer stay in his town as lonf as he promised no killing. This segment marked the beginning of their friendship when, according to Dee Brown Do c saved Wyatt’s life from a bunch of rustlers in the Long Branch Saloon.Kate, Doc’s on and off girlfriend, on the other hand suggested that the friendship started on their trip west since Earp accepted Doc’s tuberculosis, a disease many did not understand and were frightened of. In the movie Wyatt Earp was getting ready to move to California to marry. Then he got word that his brother Virgil was in danger and needed his help with a rowdy bunch of cowboys. Dee Brown said, â€Å"Wyatt decided Dodge was too tame for him and at the end of the season he, Doc, and Big-Nose Kate left for Tombstone.â€Å"His arrival in Arizona with Doc and Kate was already a problem since highly acclaimed Wyatt Earp was riding in with the cold-blooded killer, Doc Holliday. The film portrayed Wyatt’s brothers as being very wary of Doc’s presence, but they already knew what he had done for Wyatt so they had accepted him as friend, but that did not go for the rest of the to wn. The events played in the movie were obviously crucial to the gunfight, but there were other circumstances that contributed. Perhaps the biggest problem that went unmentioned was the Benson Stage Robbery where Bud Philpot was murdered. Though it was believed to be a failed assignation attempt on Bob Paul instead of a robbery, since none of the reported 26-80 thousand dollars was stolen. A posse quickly formed with three Earp brothers, Doc Holliday, and many others. They only found one man on their hunt, Luther King whom they scared into admitting that the robbers were Harry Head, Billy Leonard, and Jim Crane. This is a very important event because of the actions the Earps take with the Clantons and the McLaurys to locate the stage robbers. Many rumors flew around the Benson robbery accusing everyone from Doc and the Earps to the Clantons and the McLaurys. A deal between Ike Clanton and Wyatt Earp was documented, Ike wanted the Leonard’s ranch and Wyatt wanted the glory of arresting Philpot’s murders. Even though these were associates of Ike, he wanted the ranch and the cash reward. He knew that if word were to get out that he had a deal with the Earps that he would surly be dead. And this fact scared him from the day he and Wyatt shook hands. The film makes the sheriff of Tombstone Cotton Wilson, but in real life his name was John Behan. His character in the movie is fairly accurate, Behan was a corrupt man whom received payoffs and benefits from the cowboys in exchange for him being impartial to their actions. Wyatt openly has problems with Behan after he pieces together Behan is dirty. .u3c2b686ef8bfbed253193df59b51365f , .u3c2b686ef8bfbed253193df59b51365f .postImageUrl , .u3c2b686ef8bfbed253193df59b51365f .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u3c2b686ef8bfbed253193df59b51365f , .u3c2b686ef8bfbed253193df59b51365f:hover , .u3c2b686ef8bfbed253193df59b51365f:visited , .u3c2b686ef8bfbed253193df59b51365f:active { border:0!important; } .u3c2b686ef8bfbed253193df59b51365f .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u3c2b686ef8bfbed253193df59b51365f { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u3c2b686ef8bfbed253193df59b51365f:active , .u3c2b686ef8bfbed253193df59b51365f:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u3c2b686ef8bfbed253193df59b51365f .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u3c2b686ef8bfbed253193df59b51365f .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u3c2b686ef8bfbed253193df59b51365f .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u3c2b686ef8bfbed253193df59b51365f .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u3c2b686ef8bfbed253193df59b51365f:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u3c2b686ef8bfbed253193df59b51365f .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u3c2b686ef8bfbed253193df59b51365f .u3c2b686ef8bfbed253193df59b51365f-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u3c2b686ef8bfbed253193df59b51365f:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Causes of Child Abuse Essay The reasons for the problems with the cowboys, as the film writes it, are their cattle rustling and their blatant disrespect for laws. The Earps seemed to take this personally and even though they offered to get out of town, Wyatt instead demanded that they return the stolen cattle. The Clantons and McLaurys realized that their problems began with the arrival of Wyatt Earp. So they figured the easiest possible solution would be to kill him. On the night of their planned assassination they fouled up and killed his little brother. This infuriates the Earps and Doc, and they plan immediate retaliation. And thus set the tone for the gunfight at the OK Corral. They plan to meet at sunrise to settle their problems once and for all. That version is not very accurate. Instead it was days of drunken talk and inflated egos that led up to the gunfight. Ike Clanton and Tom McLaury rode in on their wagon filled with beef on October 25. They split up to gamble on their favorite games. Around one o’clock in the morning Ike ran into Doc Holliday and had a serious argument because Ike was drunk and very concerned about his deal with the Earps and he thought that Doc had learned about it. Doc was upset because he thought that Ike was making threats against the Earps. Morgan eventually came over to put an end to the squabble. When they were done arguing Clanton came to Wyatt and asked him to go for a walk where he proceeded to tell Wyatt that he was going to kill Holliday in the morning. Wyatt did everything he could to calm him down, saying Doc did not want to fight. Wyatt Earp then said his most famous line â€Å"Go home Ike, you talk too much for a fighting man.† A half-hour later one of the strangest poker games in history took place. John Behan, Virgil Earp, Ike Clanton, Tom McLaury, Wyatt and Morgan Earp, and Doc Holliday all sat together and played for five hours at the Occidental Saloon. This took place the night before their gunfight. The game broke up about six in the morning and everyone went their own way. But Ike followed Virgil out very upset and drunk. Virgil claimed that Ike wanted him to give Doc a message for him, â€Å"That damned son of a bitch has got to fight.†Virgil refused to relay the message. Ike now believes that the Earps are out to kill him, but not only does he not leave town, he wonders around with a gun, which is against the law, picking fights alone. Eyewitnesses say that at eight o’clock in the morning Ike clearly stated that, â€Å"As soon as the Earps and Doc Holliday showed themselves on the street, the ball would be open-and they would have to fight.†The Earps and Doc were warned by about everyone that heard Ike but they all just stayed in bed at this point. Ike was in front of the telegraph office so everyone assumed that he had called for back up. He made his way around to a couple more saloons, still loud, armed, and belligerent. In the early afternoon Wyatt and Virgil came out of their homes, dressed in black and armed. The hunt for Ike was on, Virgil and Morgan found him first and Virgil sunk up behind him, pistol whipped to the ground, and asked, â€Å"Are you looking for us?† Ike said that he was, and that he would have killed them if he had seen them two seconds earlier. He was arrested but still made threats to the Earps. At this time the Earps are extremely fed up with the threats and they agreed to fight. As Wyatt was leaving the courthouse he ran into Tom McLaury and immediately slapped him with his left hand followed by a pistol butt to the head with his right. At this time Frank McLaury and Billy Clanton arrived, starring at Wyatt, and met Ike at the gun shop. It was about two o’ clock in the afternoon and a fight was now unavoidable, so Virgil retrieved a shotgun. The cowboys walked down to the OK Corral barking out threats. The Earps try to get the assistance of Behan but he refuses. As the three brothers make their way toward the cowboys they are joined by Doc Holliday whom Virgil gives the shotgun too. About two forty-five the four of them reach the Corral and approach their nine cowboys, who seemed very surprised to see them. Virgil said to them, â€Å"Throw up your hands.† Shots rang out, the first hit were Frank, then Billy. Ike, ironically unarmed, ran away. And in just twenty-eight seconds, and about thirty shots later, one of America’s most violent shootout was over. Everyone was hit except for Wyatt, three cowboys were dead and Doc, Virgil, and Morgan all took minor wounds. Although students of this fight are skeptical about whom shot first, most believe it was Holliday.Bibliography:Brown, Dee. The American West (Charles Scriber†™s Sons, 1994). .ua63f86f609f6b76eec8a1c4da36027dd , .ua63f86f609f6b76eec8a1c4da36027dd .postImageUrl , .ua63f86f609f6b76eec8a1c4da36027dd .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .ua63f86f609f6b76eec8a1c4da36027dd , .ua63f86f609f6b76eec8a1c4da36027dd:hover , .ua63f86f609f6b76eec8a1c4da36027dd:visited , .ua63f86f609f6b76eec8a1c4da36027dd:active { border:0!important; } .ua63f86f609f6b76eec8a1c4da36027dd .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .ua63f86f609f6b76eec8a1c4da36027dd { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .ua63f86f609f6b76eec8a1c4da36027dd:active , .ua63f86f609f6b76eec8a1c4da36027dd:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .ua63f86f609f6b76eec8a1c4da36027dd .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .ua63f86f609f6b76eec8a1c4da36027dd .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .ua63f86f609f6b76eec8a1c4da36027dd .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .ua63f86f609f6b76eec8a1c4da36027dd .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .ua63f86f609f6b76eec8a1c4da36027dd:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .ua63f86f609f6b76eec8a1c4da36027dd .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .ua63f86f609f6b76eec8a1c4da36027dd .ua63f86f609f6b76eec8a1c4da36027dd-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .ua63f86f609f6b76eec8a1c4da36027dd:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Meaning of Life EssayTefertiller, Casey. Wyatt Earp (John Wiley Sons Inc., 1997). Brown, Dee. The American West (Charles Scriber’s Sons, 1994). Tefertiller, Casey. Wyatt Earp (John Wiley Sons Inc., 1997). Barra, Allen. Inventing Wyatt Earp (Carrol Graf Publishing Inc., 1998). Barra, Allen. Inventing Wyatt Earp (Carrol Graf Publishing Inc., 1998). Barra, Allen. Inventing Wyatt Earp (Carrol Graf Publishing Inc., 1998). Barra, Allen. Inventing Wyatt Earp (Carrol Graf Publishing Inc., 1998). Barra, Allen. Inventing Wyatt Earp (Carrol Graf Publishing Inc., 1998). Brown, Dee. The American West (Charles Scriber’s Sons, 1994). Milner, Clyde A., Carol A. O’Connor and Martha A. Sandwiess. The American West (Oxford University Press, 1994

Amendments and East Side Riva Gang Essay Example

Amendments and East Side Riva Gang Paper November 21, 2011 Section # 45665, Hybrid Dr. Oliver M. Thompson Farah H. Soomro Student ID # 2252594 Phone # 415-920-3628 E-mail address: farah. [emailprotected] com Amendments And The East Side Riva Gang. The United States Constitution declares the Amendments that of which apply to anyone that is present in the United States, citizen or a non-citizen. The preamble, or an introduction given to the people, by the founding fathers of the United States was meant to lay an outline for the Amendments. One can interpret the preamble as a reason why the Amendments exist and why they are still being commonly used in the United States. The Amendments are also known as the Bill of Rights, which serve as a guide of basic rules established for the people who live, visit, or come to the U. S. , whether lawfully or unlawfully. The Amendments are derived from the English Bill of rights and English Law. The Constitution of the United States sets forth the nations fundamental laws. It establishes the form of the national government and defines the rights and liberties of the people residing in America. Many people do not realize the importance of Amendments, and only choose to practice them if and when they come in contact with the law. The Fourth and Fifth Amendments come into play when people are initially being arrested for any crime. The Fourth Amendment protects people against unreasonable search and seizure and the Fifth Amendment gives right for the person to remain silent, and not make self-incriminating statements. We will write a custom essay sample on Amendments and East Side Riva Gang specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Amendments and East Side Riva Gang specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Amendments and East Side Riva Gang specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer The Sixth Amendment grants someone charged with a crime, right to a speedy trial by the peers of his community. Once the court knowledge’s a crime has taken place by a person, Eight Amendment, is there to protect the person being charged with excusive fine or bail. Eight Amendments also grants the person found guilty to not face â€Å"cruel or unusual punishment. † The Fourteenth Amendment is perhaps the one we don’t realize very often. But it is there, to protect non-citizens and citizens alike. Civil gang injunctions are an increasingly popular gang suppression tactic. These injunctions were challenged in the past, but today city attorneys have carefully worded their filings, they now name every gang member, along with restricting what they wear, where they are allowed to go, how late they may stay out and prohibit the gangs from associating with each other, which includes throwing up signs, acting as lookouts and using drugs. Violating these terms could make them in contempt with court and carry a sentence. One such civil gang injunction was handed out to local gang here in Riverside, known as the East Side Riva. The issue rises, why are District Attorney; such as Rod Pacheco, allowed to violate privacy of these gang members. The word â€Å"privacy† itself does not appear in the U. S. Constitution, but the U. S. Supreme Court has said that several of the Amendments create this right. One of which is the Fourth Amendment. It stops the police and other government agencies from searching citizens and or their property without proof of incriminating evidence that is to brought forth before a judge should generate a belief that incriminating evidence can be found on the citizens/property. The law in this stance is simple one is very much entailed to their constitutional rights, up until the guilty verdict, where the first right you lose is the one most cherish the most, â€Å"right to privacy. † This by no mean gives way to not having an attorney present, sixth amendment as stated above, gives one right to counsel. In the case of evidence use, there were a couple of cases; Boyd v. United States and Weeks v. United States, that said the federal government couldn’t use evidence acquired through an illegal process due to an exclusionary rule and it would not be admissible in court. So, if the evidence is obtained legally, it is admissible in court. Most of the Amendments might not be as black and white as people would want them to be. Our forefathers left a gray area, which has now been left to the people of various sates to fill in. Though unknown by me, as to how affective Civil gang injunctions are, there was never injustice, or overstepped boundaries by the DA. East Side Riva gang members were nothing more than nuisance to the society they resided in, loss of privacy and unable to contact each other, or being asked to wear different clothing seems rather reasonable, all things considered. Once arrested for a gang related crime, an illegal alien would have been tried, represented with counsel, procedures and trail would have been exactly the same, but being a non-citizen, and with the current over crowding of the jails and prisons, the person convicted would have been deported. Considering, immigration would have been notified of their affiliation with a gang and legal status. The legal basis for denying probationers and parolees full constitutional protections has varied over the years, (1) In the case of parolees; many courts adopted the constructive custody theory. This theory holds that parolees remain in the custody of the state while on parole and, therefore, are entitled to only the same limited Fourth Amendment rights as inmates. Not everyone followed this theory. In 1972, the Supreme Court decided the case of Morrissey v. Brewer. This case involved the application of Fifth Amendment due processes to parole revocation hearings, several comments made by the Court were on its later discussion of Fourth Amendment rights of probationers and parolees. The Court recognized without much discussion that parolees and, by analogy, probationers are different from ordinary citizens. Because of their unique position, states lawfully may impose restrictions upon parolees and probationers that otherwise would be unlawful if applied to ordinary citizens. In the case of East Side Riva gang, though the injunction might/might not solve the problem of these gangs associating, or communicating, but the District Attorney Rod Pacheco prosecuted them by the law. Endnotes: (1) For a good examination of the development of these legal theories, see Wayne R. LaFave, Search and Seizure: A Treatise on the Fourth Amendment (St. Paul, MN: West Publishing Co. , 1996), Section 10. 10.

Free Essays on Al Capone

Prohibition led to the bootlegging of liquor and the gang wars of the 1920’s. The most notorious gangster of all time, known as Al Capone, was the most powerful mob leader of his era and era's to come. He controlled organized crime in the Chicago area from 1925 until 1931. Capone grew up during the time of the roaring 20s in Chicago il. He joined the James Street gang, lead by Johnny Torrio. In 1920, Torrio asked Capone to move to Chicago and work with his uncle who controlled the city’s largest prostitution and gambling ring at the time. Capone loved that idea. Later that year the Prohibition act came into affect and Capone became interested in selling illegal whiskey and other alcohol beverages. Al Capone was America's best known gangster and greatest symbol of destruction of law and order in the United States during the Prohibition era because of his leading role in the illegal activities which gave Chicago its reputation as a lawless city.... Free Essays on Al Capone Free Essays on Al Capone Al Capone is America's best known gangster and the single greatest symbol of the collapse of law and order in the United States during the 1920s Prohibition era. Capone had a leading role in the illegal activities that lent Chicago its reputation as a lawless city. Capone was born on January 17, 1899, in Brooklyn, New York. Baptized "Alphonsus Capone," he grew up in a rough neighborhood and was a member of two "kid gangs," the Brooklyn Rippers and the Forty Thieves Juniors. Although he was bright, Capone quit school in the sixth grade at age fourteen. Between scams he was a clerk in a candy store, a pinboy in a bowling alley, and a cutter in a book bindery. He became part of the notorious Five Points gang in Manhattan and worked in gangster Frankie Yale's Brooklyn dive, the Harvard Inn, as a bouncer and bartender. While working at the Inn, Capone received his infamous facial scars and the resulting nickname "Scarface" when he insulted a patron and was attacked by her brother. In 1918, Capone met an Irish girl named Mary "Mae" Coughlin at a dance. On December 4, 1918, Mae gave birth to their son, Albert "Sonny" Francis. Capone and Mae married that year on December 30. Capone's first arrest was on a disorderly conduct charge while he was working for Yale. He also murdered two men while in New York, early testimony to his willingness to kill. In accordance with gangland etiquette, no one admitted to hearing or seeing a thing so Capone was never tried for the murders. After Capone hospitalized a rival gang member, Yale sent him to Chicago to wait until things cooled off. Capone arrived in Chicago in 1919 and moved his family into a house at 7244 South Prairie Avenue. Capone went to work for Yale's old mentor, John Torrio. Torrio saw Capone's potential, his combination of physical strength and intelligence, and encouraged his prot g . Soon Capone was helping Torrio manage his bootlegging business. By mid-1922 Capone ra... Free Essays on Al Capone Al Capone Al Capone was possibly the largest and most feared mofia boss America has ever seen. This 1920’s gangster made his mark on the world through organized crime during the Prohibition era. He is solely attributed with Chicago’s reputation as a lawless city. Alphonsus Capone was born on January 17, 1899 in Brooklyn, New York. As a child he was a member of the Brooklyn Rippers and the Forty Thieves Juniors â€Å"kid gangs.† Capone quit school at age fourteen in the sixth grade. He worked a few odd jobs in Manhattan in a bowling alley and a candy store. Then Capone took a position as a bouncer in Frankie Yale’s Brooklyn dive and the Harvard Inn. While working at the Inn he was attacked by a man and received the facial scars that would give him the byname â€Å"Scarface.† Capone met Anne â€Å"Mae† Coughlin at a dance in 1918. Later that year on December 4, 1918 she gave birth to their son, Albert â€Å"Sonny† Francis. Less than a month later they were married. Capone became a member of the Five Points gang in Manhattan. During this time he hospitalized a rival gang member in a fight. Feeling the heat from the conflicting group, he moved his family to Chicago. He began to work for John Torrio, an old partner and mentor of Yale. Capone was soon helping to manage Torrio’s bootlegging business. He quickly gained the respect of Torrio and became his number two man. After being shot by an opposing gang member, Torrio left Chicago. Capone became boss of the â€Å"outfit.† Torrio’s men respected Capone and trusted his business decisions. They referred to Capone as â€Å"the big man.† In the next five years he expanded his industry of crime. Capone controlled speakeasies, nightclubs, brothels, gambling houses, and much more. His bootlegging provided the city of Chicago with alcohol during prohibition. Capone had a reported income of $100,000,000 a year. Capone had an intricate spy network throughout ... Free Essays on Al Capone Organized crime was not so organized up until the 1920s. When the 1920s arrived, the American lifestyle changed dramatically. People started investing money in home appliances and automobiles, women’s skirts became higher and drinking became very popular. Also, organized crime came to a rise in the 1920’s. And in the high ranks of organized crime was Al Capone. Al Capone ran many illegal businesses including bootlegging, gambling, prostitution, and murders. There were many gangs in the world of organized crime and Al Capone’s was at the top. Al Capone was the most infamous gangster in the 1920’s. Being a big time gangster was big business. Money was made fast and very easily. Bootlegging alcohol was by far the most profitable in the 1920’s, this was because of the prohibition. Gambling was another business that paid off. Gambling stations were set up all over cities. Prostitution and Murders were also crimes that made gangsters money. Alphonse Capone was the biggest force in organized crime. He started his career of crime in Boston, as an apprentice to Johnny Torrio. That is where he earned the unforgettable nickname â€Å"Scarface.† It was in a bar when Capone made some rude comments about a woman. Minutes later, the woman’s brother sliced Capone in the face. D. VanGorder 2 This man was a friend of Charles â€Å"Lucky† Luciano. Al Capone was punished and forced to apologize. Al Capone did not become a leader until he went to Chicago. At the time he was still an apprentice to Johnny Torrio. In the midst of the gang violence and bootlegging was Chicago. Chicago was a great place to start a ring of organized crime. The government was very weak which made it easier to do crime. Capone entered the city of Chicago in 1920. At the time, â€Å"Big Jim† Colosimo ran things. He made about 50,000 dollars a month. Torrio and Capone started their business with four gambling joints/whore houses in Chicago. These underground plac... Free Essays on Al Capone The name Capone itself sends mixed emotion through the mind of the average American but is a name unknown to very few. Some might smile at the thought of the man that ran Chicago with the FBI nipping at his heels like poodles and booming like a robber baron on illegal enterprise while others may shudder at the thought of the death and pain caused at the snap of fingers by the tyrant they called â€Å"Scarface†. Much is known and even more is speculated about the lavish life of a consummate professional in the business of bootlegging, brothels, gambling and numbers or the all out turmoil known as Chicago night life but stratospheres of space are left for speculation as proven by Frank Wilson and Elliot Ness. Capone started his life as a promising B student from a caring family but slowly took a grizzly metamorphosis into a hardened villain, hustler, and murderer in a city that honored and celebrated a gangster funeral like a Macy’s Day Parade. The following chronicles t he life of the most notable gangster in modern day history through his attempts at moral and honest living and his lapses into criminal activity that even he preferred to avoid and then writes him off into sweet, syphilis-ridden dreams. Alphonse Capone was the first son born and conceived on American soil of Gabriele and Teresina Capone, also incorrectly thought to have been known by the surname Caponi (Bardsley-1). Gabriele came to America with full understanding of literacy and bookkeeping after having run a barbershop in Italy, which aided him in his attempts at successful and, most of important of all, honest business in the â€Å"New World†. Laurence Bergreen describes the family saying, â€Å"Nothing about the Capone family was inherently disturbed, violent, or dishonest. The children and the parents were close; there was no apparent mental disability, no traumatic event that sent the boys hurtling into a life of crime.†(Bergreen-2). The family began their stru... Free Essays on Al Capone The name Capone sends mixed emotion through the mind of the average American but is a name unknown to very few. Some might smile at the thought of the man ran Chicago with the FBI nipping at his heels and booming like a robber baron in illegal enterprise while others may shudder at the thought of the death and pain caused at the snap of fingers by the tyrant they called â€Å"Scarface†. Much is known and even more is speculated about the lavish life of a consummate professional in the business of bootlegging, brothels, gambling and numbers or the all out turmoil known as Chicago night life. The clandestine activities of Capone leave stratospheres of space left for speculation as proven by Frank Wilson and Elliot Ness. Capone started his life as a promising B student from a caring family but slowly went through a grizzly metamorphosis into a hardened villain, hustler, and murderer in a city that honored and celebrated a gangster funeral like a Macy’s Day Parade. The fol lowing chronicles the life of the most notable gangster in modern day history through his attempts at a moral and honest living and his lapses into criminal activity and then writes him off into sweet, syphilis-ridden dreams. Alphonse Capone was the first son born and conceived on American soil of Gabriele and Teresina Capone, also incorrectly thought to have been known by the surname Caponi (Bardsley,1998). Gabriele came to America literate and as a bookkeeper after having run a barbershop in Italy. This aided him in his attempts at running a successful and, most of important of all, honest business in the â€Å"New World†. Laurence Bergreen describes the family saying, â€Å"Nothing about the Capone family was inherently disturbed, violent, or dishonest. The children and the parents were close; there was no apparent mental disability, no traumatic event that sent the boys hurtling into a life of crime†(cited in Bardsley,1998). The family began their struggle to adv... Free Essays on Al Capone Prohibition led to the bootlegging of liquor and the gang wars of the 1920’s. The most notorious gangster of all time, known as Al Capone, was the most powerful mob leader of his era and era's to come. He controlled organized crime in the Chicago area from 1925 until 1931. Capone grew up during the time of the roaring 20s in Chicago il. He joined the James Street gang, lead by Johnny Torrio. In 1920, Torrio asked Capone to move to Chicago and work with his uncle who controlled the city’s largest prostitution and gambling ring at the time. Capone loved that idea. Later that year the Prohibition act came into affect and Capone became interested in selling illegal whiskey and other alcohol beverages. Al Capone was America's best known gangster and greatest symbol of destruction of law and order in the United States during the Prohibition era because of his leading role in the illegal activities which gave Chicago its reputation as a lawless city....

Offender correctional classification systems Research Paper

Offender correctional classification systems - Research Paper Example In America, the constitution governs corrections as it provides the system for administration of the justice. The decision on which classification an offender would be subjected to would be accomplished through use of instruments such as the National Institution of Corrections which undertakes this process on admission of an inmate then six months to one year henceforth. As inmates join the prison system, they would be assessed at the reception or classification facility depending on their crime, escape risk, criminal history, behavioral risk and health needs, generally classified as needs and risks by Voorhis, Braswell, and Lester (140). According to Serin (5), the placement into a specific classification would be prioritized first with security needs, then space availability and finally the needs of the inmate. Women and children would be classified under facilities separate from those of adult males. Prisoners do not have any control over their classification though after serving for some time, they could request to be taken to facilities close to their families. From the historic times, prisons were designated places to punish and simultaneously rehabilitate offenders, away from the community then later integrate them back to the community. With the expansion in the number of prisons in the US, the need to classify them has arisen. In the correctional system, classification refers to the placement of prisoners in a suitable custody from the various available ones so as to match the needs of the offender with the correctional resources. This classification system aims at differentiating prisoners based on their security risks thus predicting where to place them; be it minimum, medium or maximum custody (Voorhis, Braswell and Lester 140). The initial idea was to combine maximum and medium security level prisons. Later, supermax prisons were developed with Alarid and Reichel (132) arguing on Alcatraz Prison being the

Poetry interpretation Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Poetry interpretation - Essay Example When the heart is full and when the lips refuse to speak, a lyric sprouts from the depth of the poet’s inner world. Its foundation is heart, not mind. The poet of lyrics is not interested in scientific research, but search of the inner world. In Family, the poet brilliantly portrays many dimensions of love of an elderly individual and how love is the cementing force in the family that leaves deep positive impact on all concerned. Subject: The subject of the poem is an elderly, affectionate lady, Aunt Lennie. The poet is the protagonist of the poem and he recalls his youthful days â€Å"It was so good to be young in her garden† (One Moment More,43). The main concept of the poem is the emotional remembrance of a senior family member. Theme: The theme of the poem is love and the disciplined approach to life as evident in the lines â€Å"To feel the constant pattern of her love in those early flights/the winged spirit caught within her bones.†(One Moment More, 42) Bone is the barometer of the strength of an individual and by comparing her spirit to the bones; the poet throws the hint that her willpower is strong. In article An introduction to Lyric Poetry William Wallis writes â€Å"Poetry frees language to create unforgettable visual images and emotion-charged ideas† (129). Appealing and arresting language lends strength and beauty to the lyric poetry. Lyrics are basically meant to be sung whereas the poem is for reading. Music is an integral part of lyric. â€Å"With all that said, lyrics and poems share a lot in terms of composition and form. One of the most important elements of poetry and lyricism is the poetic device†. (BandAMP)A lyric has much to do with the flights of imagination and a lyrist is the monarch of all that he surveys. William Wallis writes â€Å"Poetry does more with less, it dedicates its rhythm and sound patterns to creating striking visual images, then

History And Future Of Mahindra And Mahindra Limited Business Essay

History And Future Of Mahindra And Mahindra Limited Business Essay Mahindra and Mahindra limited is a part of the huge Mahindra group. Mahindra is a company, which has started before independence under K.C Mahindra and J.C Mahindra along with Malik Gulam Mohammed. In 1945 the company was called as Mahindra and Mohammed later after independence Malik Gulam Mohammed left the elite and he became the finance minister for Pakistan. After his exit the company changed its name into Mahindra and Mahindra (MM). In 1947, the company started its business from assembling jeeps and slowly moved on to making utility vehicles and agricultural tractors. With in no time MM as emerged as one of the leading brands in India. Today MM is a diversified group employing more that 65,000 people directly. MM has substantial presence in sectors like automobile, equipment for farms, financial services, automobile components, after-market, IT and infrastructure. MM is one of the Indias most respected and reputed business groups. Reputation Institute declared MM as one of the most reputed companies in the world. MM is also only one of the ten Indian companies to get featured in the prestigious Forbes magazine. Over the past few decades the company has grown in the international automotive segment.  MM has a strong presence in several countries across the world including Italy, Spain, Turkey, Australia, South Africa, Brazil, Chile and South Asia.   Few of the core values of the MM are Good Corporate Citizenship, Professionalism, Customer First, Quality Focus and Dignity Of The Individual. We dont have a group-wide mission statement. Our Core Purpose is what makes all of us want to get up and come to work in the morning Anand G. Mahindra. The core purpose of MM: Indians are second to none in the world. The Founders of our nation and of our Company passionately believed this. We will prove them right by believing in ourselves and by making Mahindra Mahindra Limited known worldwide for the quality of its products and services. Milestones achieved MM: 1945 2nd October 1945 Mahindra and Mohammed established. 1949 Jeep assembly started. 1956 Company shares were listed on Bombay Stock Exchange (BSE). 1969 MM started their venture into the world market by exporting utility vehicles and spare parts. 1975 MM developed diesel engine for over coming the fuel crisis. 1983 MM became the market leader in the Indian tractor market. 1986 established Tech Mahindra. 1994 Implemented BPR programs. 2000 MM adopted a new logo. 2002 Launched SUV Scorpio. 2004 Launched Mahindra World tractor in International Market. 2009 MM launched Xylo. 2010 MM acquired Ssangyong and a major share in electric car company Reva. Few factors that affect the business environments are: Social factors: Every business organisation operates within the norms of the society and exists primarily to satisfy its needs. Hence, a business organisation has an important position in social system. The social factors influence the policy and strategy of business; the organisation strives to satisfy the needs and wants of the society. There are many social factors that affect the policy and strategy of corporate management. Culture, value, tastes and preferences, social integration and disintegration, and so on must be a part of every business organisation. As observed by Keith Davis and Robert Blomstrom, business is a social institution performing a social mission and having a broad influence on the way people live and work together. Many companies that are hugely successful contribute a lot to the society. At MM corporate social responsibility is taken very seriously in 2009 MMs employees contributed 49,280 man-hours towards social programs. Mahindra and Mahindra contribute 1% of its profit after tax (PAT) for developing the society every year. MM considered education and training as powerful tools to address majority of Indian social challenges. Corporate Social Responsibility has always been an integral part of the vision of the Mahindra Group and the corner stone of our core value of good corporate citizenship Keshub Mahindra. In a way by helping the society, MM is enjoying the fruits of it, after all business is only a part of the society. I think because of MMs strong CSR activities it is wining the hearts of the people and not allowing any NGO to point fingers. Ecological Factors: Protection of the environment and preservation of ecological balance is the responsibility of every business organisation. Ecology deals with the study of the environment, biotic factors, abiotic factors, and their interactions with one another. A change in any biotic or a biotic factor causes ecological imbalance. Industrial activities, automobiles, emission of fumes or smoke and effluents, and so on, result in environmental degradation. MM is committed to the preservation of ecological balance. MM has turned 400 acres of barren land in to a park; MM had planted across 7000 trees near its factories to counterfeit the pollution. Environment is the key factor that no company tries to neglect. MM takes up lot of activities to help the environment. Its a fact that buildings consume 40 percent of the worlds energy; keeping this in mind MM started retrofitting their towers for Energy efficiency. The result was that they started consuming 10 percent less energy when compared with their previous consumptions. The retrofitting has affected an average savings of 36,185 kWh / month, the equivalent CO2  saved is 29.3 tonnes / month. As carbon-di-oxide is one of those gases that contribute to global warming MM decided to reduce the consumption of paper. Now MM uses different software to keep the use of paper as low as possible. MM took up an activity of refurbishing of water reservoir, which is now helping 4000 dwellers. Economic Factors: Economic factors, such as per capita income, national income, resource mobilisation, infrastructure development, capital formation, employment generation, and so on, influence the business environment. The economic performance of a company also determines its business environment. The economic factors helped MM to some extent to become successful, like getting cheap labourers etc. but MM had really worked very hard to over come the other things like formation of capital in not so strong economy, dealing with infrastructure problems etc. Government Policies: The government policies provide the basic environment for business. Industrial and licensing policies, trade policies, labour policies, export-import policies, foreign exchange policies, taxation policies etc pave the way for business environment. In brief the policies that were changed and their effect on MM. In between the period of 1947 to 1979 the government intervention was too much and indirectly the government was playing the major role. As MM was not a huge company at that time the government protected it. The policies gave an encouragement to the industry that in turn means encouragement to the company. The one disadvantage MM faced was due to licensing competition was curbed. In between period 1980 to 1990 the policies were a bit liberal and government less involved in companies activities. In this time frame competition slowly picked up which helped MM to be more efficient and effective. After 1991 government never played a direct role but played an indirect role. Due to liberalization MM started raising its standards and started simulating demand. Only after 1991 MM started exporting a lot and investing in RD a lot. The above snap shot shows how important are policies for a business. The success tool for MM was having the flexible nature, which allowed it to take advantage of the policies. Cultural Factors: The cultural factors of a business environment should also be taken into consideration while scanning the environment and during the policy formation. Policymakers in a global business cannot disregard cultural variables like social and religious practices, education, knowledge, rural community norms and beliefs. A company like MM, which has its growth in a globally oriented way, takes these cultural factors very seriously; one example is that MM supplies customised jeeps to Australia, which suits their local style or culture. Geographical factors: In a global business environment, geographical locations, seasonal variations, climatic conditions etc. considerably affect the tastes and preferences of customers, and also prospects and the labour force. The pace of development in various geographical locations considerably influences the policies of the government regarding industrial locations. Some times this helped MM because, if the government wants to develop some particular region it gives a lot of subsidies for the companies that are interested in setting up their plant in that region. Legal Factors: Law in India regulates every aspect of business. Hence, the legal government plays a very vital role in the business. The legal factors in India (pre liberalisation) that effected MM are like heavy protection from government by using the licenses, huge excise duties, discrimination done by the government on the basis of price, very high import duties and liberal policies for the foreign players. During this period MM was not so successful in expanding but after liberalisation MM grew at a huge rate. The legal factors post liberalisation period that helped MM grow are like the complete removal of the license raj system, excise duties were continuously restructured, reducing the duties on import and allowing fdi. Labour factors: Although labour with in the organisation constitute its internal environment, general labour policies and climate may form a part of the external environment. MM always strictly followed Labour laws in compensating their employees and other things that fall under that law. One incident were MM dint handled its employees very well was in 1994 when company went for Business Process Reengineering (BPR) their was huge opposition from the labour unions then the company after few months managed the situation and till date the company enjoyed the support of its employees. One of the core principles of MM states that their employees are considered as a very valuable resource. Technological Factors: Technology is considered to be one of the most important factors of any business environment. That is why the Government has always stressed about sophisticated technology and technology transfer in most of its policies. Foreign investment up to 100 percent is allowed in industries with sophisticated technology. MM has always laid emphasis on RD and always tried to make technologically sound products. The recent acquisition of Ssangyong motors by MM was mainly for the technology, this shows the companies quest for technology. MM recently acquired the electric car company Reva that shows their prediction for the future and they what to be ready by not considering technology as a barrier to their success. Competitive Market Condition: Competitive market condition is an important environmental factor, especially in a global business environment. In a socialist economic environment, a centralised authority -the government controls the market whereas the competitive forces determine the market in a fully capitalist economy. India, which has accepted the middle path, had been fostering both the conditions. As a result of liberalisation, some characteristics integrating the Indian economy with the global economy has emerged. As a result, a competitive market condition has emerged in India, creating a competitive business environment. A situation of perfect competition is seen in automobiles, fmcg etc. This is often taken as an opportunity by MM to grow and to show its capability in the market. Creating competitive market is the responsibility of every player in the market. MM keeps its responsibility by having competition in terms of both price and non-price with its other counter parts. In a way MM is helping itself and also the economy. A competitive business environment is an essential characteristic of globalisation. The nature of competition varies in different economic systems. In the context of widespread globalisation process, tremendous changes are taking place in the business environment of economic systems. MM concern for the international business environment is understandable in relation to the globalisation of business. Conclusions: All the above factors have affected MM in positive and negative way. But by studying these very closely has helped MM to take or to develop broad strategies and very long term policies for itself, by having clear understanding of the different environment factors MM was able to analyse its competitors strategies and, thereby, formulate effective counter strategies. Knowledge about the environment helped MM to be dynamic in its approach, which means that MM had very flexible structure for their strategies or policies that helped them to be dynamic in nature. Being a company that has expanded overseas needs to understand the above factors to have a visibility over the changing socio-economic factors at the national and international level for its stability. The executives of MM were able to adjust to the prevailing conditions and, thus, influence the environment in order to make it congenial for business. The environmental factor plays a major role for MM to expand overseas. In the post liberalisation period government reducing the import duties helped the company to improve its infrastructure and technologies. With the allowance of fdi in to the country MM started expanding and in a way made it a conglomerate. The structure of the industry, which includes the company and the competitors in addition to the potential entrants, suppliers, buyers, and so on determines the level of competition. Hence, the environment is influenced by all of them in some manner or the other. The business policy of every player has, therefore, to take cognisance of the treats posed by every other player including the entrants. Thus, subject to the influence of a number of factors, the business environment provides opportunities and threats, while its internal environment provides its strengths and weaknesses.

Spatial Filtering Fundamentals

4/28/2008 Spatial filtering fundamentals by  Gleb  V. Tcheslavski:  [email  protected] lamar. edu http://ee. lamar. edu/gleb/dip/index. htm Spring 2008 ELEN 4304/5365 DIP 1 Mechanics of spatial filtering Considering frequency domain filtering, the effect of LPF applied to an image is to blur (smooth) it. Similar smoothing effect can be achieved by using spatial filters (spatial masks, kernels, templates, or windows). We discussed that a spatial filter consists of a neighborhood and a pre-defined operation performed on the image pixels defining the neighborhood.The result of filtering – a new pixel with coordinated of the neighborhood’s center and the value defined by the operation. g y p If the operation is linear, the filter is said to be a linear spatial filter. Spring 2008 ELEN 4304/5365 DIP 2 1 4/28/2008 Mechanics of spatial filtering Assuming a 3 x 3 neighborhood, at any point (x,y) in the image, the response of the spatial filter is g ( x, y ) = w(? 1, ? 1 ) f ( x ? 1, y ? 1) + w(? 1, 0) f ( x ? 1, y ) + †¦ + w(0, 0) f ( x, y ) + †¦ + w(1,1) f ( x + 1, y + 1) Filter coefficient Pixel intensity In general: g ( x, y ) = s =? a t =? b ? ? w(s, t ) f ( x + s, y + t ) a bSpring 2008 ELEN 4304/5365 DIP 3 Mechanics of spatial filtering Here a mask size is m x n. m = 2a + 1 n = 2b + 1 Where a and b are some integers. For a 3 x 3 mask Spring 2008 ELEN 4304/5365 DIP 4 2 4/28/2008 Spatial correlation and convolution Correlation is a process of moving the filter mask over the image and computing the sum of products at each location as previously described. Convolution is the same except that the filter is first rotated by 1800. For a 1D case, we first zeropad f by m-1 zeros on each size. We compute a sum of products in both cases†¦ Spring 2008 ELEN 4304/5365 DIP 5 Spatial correlation and convolutionCorrelation is a function of displacement of the filter. A function containing a single 1 with the rest being zeros is g g g called a d iscrete unit impulse. Correlation of a function with a discrete unit impulse yields a rotated version of a function at the location of the impulse. To perform a convolution, we need to pre-rotate the filter by 1800 and perform the same operation as in correlation. Spring 2008 ELEN 4304/5365 DIP 6 3 4/28/2008 Spatial correlation and convolution In a 2D case, for a filter of size m x n, we pad the image with m-1 rows of zeros at the top and bottom and n-1 columns of zeros on the left and right.For convolution, we pre-rotate the mask and perform the sliding sum of products. Spring 2008 ELEN 4304/5365 DIP 7 Spatial correlation and convolution Correlation of a filter w(x,y) of size m x n with an image f(x,y) is w( x, y ) f ( x, y ) = s =? a t =? b ? ? w(s, t ) f ( x + s, y + t ) ? ? w(s, t ) f ( x ? s, y ? t ) a b a b Convolution of a filter w(x,y) of size m x n with an image f(x,y) is w( x, y ) ? f ( x, y) = s =? a t =? b Spring 2008 ELEN 4304/5365 DIP 8 4 4/28/2008 Vector representatio n of linear filtering It is convenient sometimes to represent a sum of products asR = ? wk zk = w T z k =1 Filter coeffs Image intensities mn For example, for a 3 x 3 filter: p , R = ? wk zk = w T z k =1 Spring 2008 ELEN 4304/5365 DIP 9 9 Generating spatial filter masks Generating an m x n linear spatial filter requires specification of mn mask coefficients. These coefficients are selected based on what the filter is supposed to do keeping in mind that all we can do with linear filtering is to implement a sum of products. Assuming that we need to replace the pixels in an image with the average pixel intensities of a 3Ãâ€"3 neighborhood centered on those pixels.If zi are the intensities, the average is R= 9 1 9 ? zi 9 i =1 Which is: R = ? wi zi = w T z; i =1 ELEN 4304/5365 DIP wi = 1 9 10 Spring 2008 5 4/28/2008 Smoothing spatial filters Smoothing filters are used for blurring and noise reduction. Blurring may be implemented in preprocessing tasks to remove small details from an ima ge prior to large object extraction. The output of a smoothing (averaging or lowpass) linear spatial filter is the average of the pixels contained in the neighborhood of the filter mask.By replacing the value of every pixel in an image by the average of the intensity levels in the neighborhood defined by a filter mask, the resulting image will have reduced â€Å"sharp† transitions in intensities. Since random noise typically corresponds to such transitions, we can achieve denoising. Spring 2008 ELEN 4304/5365 DIP 11 Smoothing spatial filters However, edges (characterized by sharp intensity transitions) will be blurred. Examples of such masks: 1) A box filter – spatial averaging filter 3Ãâ€"3; 2) Weighted average filter – attempt to reduce blurring: g a g ( x, y ) = s =? a t =? b ? ? (s, t ) f ( x + s, y + t ) s =? a t =? b b ? ? w(s, t ) 12 a b Spring 2008 ELEN 4304/5365 DIP 6 4/28/2008 Smoothing spatial filters The effect of filter size. The original 500Ãâ€"5 00 image And the results of smoothing with a square averaging filter of sizes m = 3, 5, 9, 15, 25, and 35 pixels. Spring 2008 ELEN 4304/5365 DIP 13 Smoothing spatial filters Frequently, blurring is desired for ease of object detection: an original Hubble image, the result of applying a 15Ãâ€"15 averaging mask to it and the result of thresholding with a threshold of 25% of the highest intensity. Spring 2008 ELEN 4304/5365 DIP 14 7 4/28/2008Order-statistic (nonlinear) filters Order-statistic filter are nonlinear spatial filters whose response is based on ordering (Ranking) the pixels in the neighborhood and then replacing the value of the center pixel by the value determined by the ranking result. The median filters are quite effective against the impulse noise (salt-and-pepper noise). The median of a set of values is such that half the values in the set are greater than the median and half is lesser than it: Ex: the 3Ãâ€"3 neighborhood has values (10, 20, 20, 20,15, 20, 100, 25, 20 ). These values are ranked as (10, 15, 20, 20, 20, 20, 20, 25, 100).The median will be 20. There are also max and min filters. Spring 2008 ELEN 4304/5365 DIP 15 Order-statistic (nonlinear) filters Original image with salt-andpepper noise Spring 2008 Noise reduction with a 3Ãâ€"3 averaging mask ELEN 4304/5365 DIP Noise reduction with a 3Ãâ€"3 median mask 16 8 4/28/2008 Sharpening spatial filters: foundations The main objective of sharpening is to highlight transitions in intensity. Since averaging is analogous to spatial integration, we y g g g p g can assume that sharpening is analogous to differentiation in space. The derivatives of a digital function are defined in differences.The first derivative must be: 1) Zero in areas of constant intensity; 2) Non-zero at the onset and end of an intensity step or ramp; 3) Non-zero along ramps of constant slope. The second derivative must be: 1) Zero in areas of constant intensity; 2) Non-zero at the onset and end of an intensity step or ram p; 3) Zero along ramps of constant slope. Spring 2008 ELEN 4304/5365 DIP 17 Sharpening spatial filters: foundations The first-order derivative: ?f = f ( x + 1) ? f ( x) ? x The second-order derivative: ?2 f = f ( x + 1) + f ( x ? 1) ? 2 f ( x) ? x 2 It can be verified that these definitions satisfy the conditions for derivatives.Spring 2008 ELEN 4304/5365 DIP 18 9 4/28/2008 Sharpening spatial filters: foundations The circles indicate the onset or end of intensity transitions. The sign of the second derivative changes at the onset and end of a step of ramp. The second derivative enhances fine details much better than the first derivative. This is suitable for sharpening. Spring 2008 ELEN 4304/5365 DIP 19 Using the second derivative for image sharpening – the Laplacian We consider isotropic filters – the response is independent of the direction of the discontinuity in the image Such filters are image. rotation invariant.The simplest isotropic derivative operator is the L aplacian: ?2 f ? 2 f ? f = 2 + 2 ? x ? y 2 Therefore: ? 2 f = f ( x + 1, y ) + f ( x ? 1, y ) + f ( x, y + 1) + f ( x, y ? 1) ? 4 f ( x, y ) The Laplacian is a linear operator since derivatives are linear operators. Spring 2008 ELEN 4304/5365 DIP 20 10 4/28/2008 Using the second derivative for image sharpening – the Laplacian The Laplacian can be implemented by these filter masks Since the Laplacian is a derivative operator, its use highlights intensity discontinuities in the image and deemphasize regions with slow varying intensity levels levels.It tends to produce images having grayish edge lines and other discontinuities, and a dark, feature-less background. Spring 2008 ELEN 4304/5365 DIP 21 Using the second derivative for image sharpening – the Laplacian Background features can be preserved together with the sharpening effect of the Laplacian by adding the Laplacian image to the original. If the definition of the Laplacian has a negative central coefficient, the La placian image must be subtracted rather than added to obtain a sharpening result. In general: g ( x, y ) = f ( x, y ) + c 2 f ( x, y ) ? ? ?Output intensity Input intensity -1 – if the center is negative; +1 otherwise Spring 2008 ELEN 4304/5365 DIP 22 11 4/28/2008 Using the second derivative for image sharpening – the Laplacian The Laplacian Laplacian with scaling The original (blurred) image The image sharpened with mask 2 The image sharpened with mask 1 Spring 2008 ELEN 4304/5365 DIP 23 Unsharp masking and highboost filtering An approach used for many years to sharpen images is: 1. Blur the original image; 2. Subtract the blurred image from the original (the result is called the mask): g mask ( x, y ) = f ( x, y ) ? f ( x, y ) Original Blurred image 3.Add the mask to the original: g ( x, y ) = f ( x, y ) + k ? g mask ( x, y ) Here k is a weight. Spring 2008 ELEN 4304/5365 DIP 24 12 4/28/2008 Unsharp masking and highboost filtering When k = 1 – unsharp masking ; k > 1 – highboost filtering; k < 1 – de-emphasize the contribution of a mask. The shown intensity profile can be viewed as a horizontal scan through a vertical edge transition from a dark to li ht t a light region. i This approach is similar to Laplacian method. Spring 2008 ELEN 4304/5365 DIP 25 Unsharp masking and highboost filtering Original ( slightly blurred) image Smoothed with a Gaussian smoothing filter 5Ãâ€"5 Unsharp maskResult of using unshapr mask (k = 1) Result of using highboost filtering with k = 4. 5 Spring 2008 ELEN 4304/5365 DIP 26 13 4/28/2008 Gradient method First derivatives can be implemented for nonlinear image sharpening using the magnitude of the gradient: ? ? f ? g x ? ? ? x ? ? ? f ? grad ( f ) ? ? ? = ? ? ? g y ? ? ? f ? ? ? y ? ? ? The gradient vector points in the direction of the greatest rate of g (x,y). g (length) gradient change of f at location ( y) The magnitude ( g ) of g 2 2 M ( x, y ) = ? f = g x + g y Is the value of rate of cha nge at (x,y) in the direction of gradient. Spring 2008ELEN 4304/5365 DIP 27 Gradient method M(x,y) is an image of the same size as the original and is called the gradient image. Magnitude makes M(x,y) non-linear. It is more s itable in some applications to use: suitable se M ( x, y ) ? g x + g y For an image where z5 represent the pixel f(x,y) and z1 represent the pixel f(x-1,y-1), the simplest (Roberts) definitions for gradients are: M ( x, y ) = ( z9 ? z5 ) + ( z8 ? z6 ) 2 2 M ( x, y ) ? z9 ? z5 + z8 ? z6 However, Roberts cross-gradient operators lead to masks of even sizes, which is inconvenient. ELEN 4304/5365 DIP 28 Spring 2008 14 4/28/2008 Gradient methodThe smallest masks with central symmetry (ones we are interested in) are 3Ãâ€"3. The gradient can be approximated for such masks as following: ?f = ( z7 + 2 z8 + z9 ) ? ( z1 + 2 z2 + z3 ) ? x ? f gy = = ( z3 + 2 z6 + z9 ) ? ( z1 + 2 z4 + z7 ) ? y Therefore, the mask could be: gx = M ( x, y ) ? ( z7 + 2 z8 + z9 ) ? ( z1 + 2 z2 + z3 ) + ( z3 + 2 z6 + z9 ) ? ( z1 + 2 z4 + z7 ) Roberts operators They are Sobel operators. Spring 2008 ELEN 4304/5365 DIP 29 Gradient method The coefficients in all masks shown sum to zero. This indicates that mask will give a zero response in an area of constant intensity as expected of a derivative operator operator.Original image of contact lens Sobel gradient Defect Spring 2008 ELEN 4304/5365 DIP 30 15 4/28/2008 Combining spatial enhancement techniques Frequently, Frequently a combination of several methods is used to enhance an image†¦ 1) Original image – 2) Laplacian – 3) image sharpened by Laplacian – 4) Sobel gradient of the original image – 5) Sobel image smoothed with a 5Ãâ€"5 averaging filter – 6) product of Sobel image with its smoothed version – 7) sharpened image (a sum of the original and 6) – 8) power-law transformation. Spring 2008 ELEN 4304/5365 DIP 31 Spring 2008 ELEN 4304/5365 DIP 32 16

Mahatma Ghandi, a Hero

Mahatma Gandhi For me, a hero is someone who tries to make the world a better place. Christopher Paolini said, â€Å"Without fear there cannot be courage. † I agree there has to be fear before there is courage. Gandhi turned his fear into courage and decided to try to make the world a better place and as a result India gained its independence. It took conquering his fears and being a courageous hero in a peaceful way to be the leader of Indian nationalism during British rule. Gandhi fought for Indian rights. Click any fact to locate it on the web.Click Wrong? to report a problem. Cancel Mohandas Karamchand Gandhi was given the holy name Mahatma which means Great Soul. He was born on October 2, 1869 in Porbandar, India. In 1888, he sailed to England to study at the University College London and then the University of London where he studied Law. In 1893, he accepted a job in South Africa and in 1903 Gandhi opened a law firm in Johannesburg, South Africa. In 1906, Gandhi had his first protest in South Africa against anti-Indian laws and two years later he was imprisoned.In 1914, he returned to India where he became leader of the Indian National Congress (INC) supporting a plan using nonviolence to get independence. He was jailed from 1922 until 1924 for conspiracy. He was jailed again in 1930 for breaking India’s Salt Laws. In 1932, Gandhi started his famous â€Å"fast unto death† to protest British support of a new Indian constitution which gave India’s lowest classes, the â€Å"untouchables†, their separate political representation. Gandhi believed this would unfairly divide India's social classes and he believed in equality.In 1942, Gandhi began the nationwide â€Å"Quit India† movement. Five years later, India became independent from the British. Gandhi was assassinated by a Hindu fanatic on January 30, 1948 in Birla House in Delhi while at a prayer meeting. Early in his life, after seeing the misery of millions of hi s countrymen, thousands of them dying from starvation, Gandhi gave up all his money and spent his life helping the poor and the oppressed. He was the leader of the Indian nationalist group against the British rule and is commonly known as the father of his country.His strategy of a non-violent protest to get political and social progress has influenced many people. His program of peaceful non-cooperation with the British included boycotts of their goods and institutions which lead to arrests of thousands. In 1945, the British government began negotiations which ended with the formation of the two new independent states of India and Pakistan divided along religious lines. Gandhi was opposed to partition and fasted to try to bring harmony in Calcutta and Delhi. Ghandi once said, â€Å"In a gentle way, you can shake the world. This is exactly what he did. He made positive changes around him using peaceful ways. He also said, â€Å"I do not want to foresee the future. I am concerned w ith taking care of the present. God has given me no control over the moment following. † He did change his present; he changed what was happening during his life. He devoted his life to helping his countrymen gain independence and be treated as equals. This is why I believe Gandhi is a hero; he made the world a better place by being courageous, brave, a leader and a believer in being able to make a difference.

My Life Is Controlled And The Path Is Set For Me - 1028 Words

My life is controlled and the path is set for me. I don t have any control of what I do and what people do to me. I am helpless. Totalitarian government has ruined me and now I am just a pawn in a chess game. When I was a kid, growing up in this type of government was very hard. Every part of my life was controlled. The government controlled what saw and what I heard. I got deceived into believing things that in reality had no idea what the truth behind it really was. Another way that the government affected me was through police terror. They used tanks, monitored telephone lines, read mail, and had informers everywhere to keep everybody under their rule in check. The police would operate without any restraints or laws to keep them in check. There was no privacy in my world and everything that I did was being monitored for anything that could be a threat to the government. They made sure no one fell out of line, and the people that did paid for it. They also made us believ e that they were doing good things, like caring for their country and their citizens by using propaganda. This idea is based on incomplete information used to make people accept ideologies. There was also no room for my own religious beliefs, the government tried to spread their own religion belief and attacking religion. My religion beliefs meant nothing to the government and they had no problem trying to brainwash me into thinking what they wanted me to think. The governmentShow MoreRelatedFree Will v. Determinism Essay850 Words   |  4 Pages Do we really have Freewill? nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;The topic of freewill vs. determinism has always been something that has interested me. I follow the Christian faith very strongly but my views on the subject vary almost daily. The concept of freewill and determinism is something that, as a Christian, I often struggle with. By no means do I think that I have all the answers or that I am right. 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