Mark Keppel Key Club Is Flourishing - 1148 Words

As of today, which community considered flourishing and what is presented in showing the flourishing? Before we get to choose which community affected, we as readers have to define flourishing. In Phelps definition of flourishing he quotes that, â€Å"human flourishing requires challenges, struggles, and success that goes beyond the material of prosperity.† (Friedman quoted in Liberty of Economics and Liberty) Phelps describes flourishing as prosperity in two components. Phelps first component is growth in wages and productivity. Phelps second component is flourishing. Phelps defines the term of flourishing in his words as prosperity, innovation, creativity because the essence of â€Å"flourishing†, human-beings are desired in expressing†¦show more content†¦Another example that Mark Keppel Key Club did participated in gift-wrapping presents before the Christmas holiday to families that could not afford it. Phelps states community in the past decades has not flourished is not true because all ideas created by human beings are filled with creativity and innovation. In Franklin D. Roosevelt inaugural address, he stated that, â€Å"Happiness lies not in the mere possession of money, but lies in the joy of achievement, in the thrill of creative effort.†(Roosevelt quoted in Friedman 1) Roosevelt says that the importance of work is joy and moral stimulation should not be forgotten in the replacement of money profits. Even though our government went through these challenges, struggles and success, Mark Keppel Key Club still managed to improve and find other solutions in achieving the goal to keep on the right path. Motivation plays a role in â€Å"flourishing† of any community because without flourishing people would not put that much effort in achieving what they want. A community with motivation can benefit the club as well as yourself because it will encourage others to try new things. Motivation helps Mark Keppel Key Club by encouraging others to make a change in showing those who are suffering that you care. Motivation is important to Mark Keppel Key Club because it makes the club stronger, including showing them how strong they are and encourage them to fight for the better and achieved

The Death Penalty Should Be Abolished - 1403 Words

It’s been said that looks could be deceiving. For Ronald Cotton, this was definitely the case when he was accused of a crime that he did not commit but really it was Bobby Poole who was an exact image of him; he had to spend 11 years of his life in prison before getting his life back. (Weinberg 358-359). Flaws such as this in our justice system are a reason why abolishing the death penalty is still a controversial debate. The legal system is there to defend the cries of the innocent, yet it cannot seem to determine who the innocents are. Until the voice of its people can be defended, the death penalty should be abolished. It is administering its punishments hoping they have the right perpetrator. It’s basically a guessing game and that should not be the case when it comes to who will end up getting deprived of their life. The death penalty is a racially biased system that is sometimes unfairly administered to innocent people not guilty of a crime and also leaving the fa mily of defendants with a burden of a shameful and isolating image. The death penalty dates back to when America was granted its independence from England. Although it was not as controversial as it is now, the death penalty was already enacted into our justice system from the onset of our nation. Throughout the years, the anti- death penalty movement has been fighting to abolish the death penalty in the United States. Initially, abolitionists of capital punishment were arguing that the death penalty wasShow MoreRelatedThe Death Penalty Should Be Abolished1192 Words   |  5 PagesNo Death Penalty Capital crime is something that is meant for people that are found guilty of committing a serious crime, such as murder, rape, or theft. These are offences that should not be taken lightly but by killing the offender, the government is carrying about the action that they are trying to prevent. Also, the wrong person may be sentenced to death. After this person is executed, there is obviously nothing that can be done for the terrible mistake to be reversed. The death penalty shouldRead MoreShould The Death Penalty Be Abolished?. The Death Penalty982 Words   |  4 PagesShould the death penalty be abolished? The death penalty is a â€Å"term that applies to capital punishment and is the worst penalty given for committing a murder or an atrocious assault.† (Black s Law Dictionary). Death penalty has been a part of human society and is legally approved for centuries. The first established death penalty laws date as far back as the Eighteenth Century B.C. in the Code of King Hammaurabi of Babylon, which codified the death penalty for 25 different crimes. Death sentencesRead MoreShould The Death Penalty Be Abolished?1925 Words   |  8 Pages Abstract This paper explores five published articles that report on discussion on the very old and yet to answer question of whether the death penalty in the USA should be abolished? The articles, however, vary in their stand on death penalty. In all article it is very different on publisher stand. They discuss thing argument with their own way and vision of thinking. Adina Nicoleta (2011) has raised question for fair trial on the proceeding of the criminal cases. In other article Maestro MarcelloRead MoreThe Death Penalty Should Be Abolished1534 Words   |  7 PagesIntro The death penalty gives humans in our legal system rights to decide who deserves to live, a power only God should possess. Capital Punishment takes away our rights as equals. From its origins, the death penalty has been an inhumane, costly, ineffective, and biased form of punishment that needs to be abolished granting everyone their right to live. History of the Death Penalty Down through history, the death penalty has been adapted to be justifiable in the eyes of the people. By alteringRead MoreThe Death Penalty Should Be Abolished1523 Words   |  7 Pagescriminals has been performed by nearly every society to date. The death penalty came to the Americas when European settlers brought the idea of capitol punishment from Britain. The ideology behind taking someone’s life for crimes they have committed is a simple one. If a person commits a hennas crime such as murder or rape, they shall receive the death penalty. In more recent times we now see many countries abolishing the death penalty. The trend suggests that the capitol punishment policies still implementedRead MoreThe Death Penalty Should Be Abolished1306 Words   |  6 Pageschanged since the 17th century, so why not the age old penalty of death? Capital punishment in the United States is a highly debated topic. Arguments that want to get rid of this method of punishment usually mention th e many problems that capital punishment is plagued with. The death penalty has many issues that cannot be resolved, and since these issues can’t be solved, the death penalty should be abolished. â€Å"The irrevocable nature of the death penalty renders it an unsustainable and indefensible remedyRead MoreThe Death Penalty Should Be Abolished1440 Words   |  6 PagesThe death penalty is a very controversial topic in the United States. It is implemented for the purpose of providing safety to the community and bringing justice to victims and their families. The death penalty is legal in thirty-one states (â€Å"31 States†), and there are over forty different types of federal capital crimes that are eligible for the death penalty. These include crimes such as treason and kidnapping that results in murder (â€Å"41 Federal†). However, many argue whether the death penalty isRead MoreThe Death Penalty Should Be Abolished968 Words   |  4 PagesEvery year, thousands of lives are legally taken under the death penalty. Why should we take more lives than the ones that have already been taken? The death penalty is the punishment of execution, carried out legally against an individual convicted of a capital crime. Its proponents argue that the death penalty deters other criminals who may intend to commit similar crimes in the future. However, there is little statistical evidence to support this claim. Also, execution eliminates the criminalRead MoreShould The Death Penalty Be Abolished?1350 Words   |  6 PagesShould the death penalty be abolished? The death penalty, also known as capital punishment is a legal procedure in which a state executes a person for crimes he/she has committed. This punishment has been used by many states, and is normally used for serious crimes, especially murder. It is also used on crimes against the state such as treason, crimes against humanity, espionage, and violent crimes while other states use it as part of military justice. There are mixed reactions on capital punishmentRead MoreShould The Death Penalty Be Abolished?1443 Words   |  6 Pages 6 Should the Death Penalty Be Abolished in the United States? Adalynne Francis CRJU 1000 Dr. Huss November 14, 14 Should capital punishment/ death penalty be abolished in the United States? Many feel that the death penalty is immoral and question whether the state and federal government deserve the right to kill those whom it has imprisoned. On the other hand, those opposed feel that by not acting upon the death penalty communities would plunge in anarchy and that by

Pros and Cons of Entertainment free essay sample

Essay Entertainment has become a concept that has undergone the trials of time and evolution to become a very influential part of everyone’s lives. In regions such as the South Pacific, the various forms of entertainment such as music, movies and art have a major impact on the daily lives of every individual and due to its extensive reach, everyone is seen to be well-versed with what entertainment has to provide. This essay shall exhort discussions based on the pros and cons of entertainment in terms of its contribution to its recipients, various represented ideas and its influential impacts on the society.First and foremost, entertainment in its many forms has proven to provide its recipients with various recompenses. One of those involves the decrease in stress levels. Since there are vast arrays of ways that would suit the stress reduction needs of the people, entertainment becomes a subject that is mainly referred to as stress reducing concept which allows a person to divert their attention from day to day worries and regain their energy for further activities along with being intact with the better side of their behaviour. In a Pacific country, such things are essential to deal with due to the multi-cultural â€Å"disposition† of the society where everyone is to have a calm and collected mind in order to get through the day especially those who work in stressful environments and those who are schooling. So whether it be a movie, listening to music or playing games on a console, it all intrinsically helps a person to maintain a healthy mental state for further contentions to deal with in day to day activities. According to Seelam (Seelam, 2004), â€Å"entertainment to the people is like a recycling plant, converts the garbage of stress into useful material. Furthermore, the scope of variety in entertainment also has educational materials which offer varieties of benefits such as heightened moral senses, further depth into the knowledge about the world and a few ideas about structures of certain languages. Shows such as the Discovery Channel and National Geographic Channel presents viewers with the knowledge of the world while they are sitting in front of their television sets. Not only that, but shows such as the Oprah Winfrey Show helps viewers by providing them with advice on certain issues regarding life.There are many other branches of such educational concepts in the entertainment tree that not only augments the knowledge of an individual, but it also creates awareness about the ambience they reside in. As in accord to Eric (Ponds, 2001) â€Å"People are also taught to appreciate arts and culture that is portrayed through various events such as drama, art conventions and religious events†. It also enables metamorphosis of a person in terms of the way he or she interacts with the society and with different cultural structures. Additionally, entertainment has economical perks such as the wide area of job availability for the locals. In the Pacific Islands, it could be ranging from anything to a festival performer to an announcer on the radio or even an actor on TV serials. There is also the need for sports entertainment such as soccer and rugby thus players are hired to play the sport which in turn becomes a scenarios of a mutual benefit. The players get what they need, and the audience is fed with their dose of entertainment.A research by the American Financial Institute in 2005 revealed the tremendous contribution of entertainment events to the economy of the country as carnivals and circuses proved to have contributed more than three million dollars in an average within a year. Such things in the Pacific will ensure the reduction of poverty and allow a mutual benefit of the ones on the working and on the receiving end along with the benefit of the country. However, though entertainment has made its mark on every individual in the society, it has also left its scars as it has its disadvantages in terms of creating negative repercussions on individuals. The normal lifestyle of today may have been augmented due to the excessive implementation of foreign ideas, but it also has been altered faster than change could supersede to. Entertainment that is presented to the Pacific population nowadays has become so influential that the people have been washed away from true culture into its ideals. A related aspect is the fact that modern individuals usually have a great tendency to get addicted to any of the form of entertainment they have had an overexposure to.For instance, students being distracted from schoolwork by movies and videogames, men being neglectful of their children due to certain sport events and the most common one where housewives get distracted by TV serials as they overlook the housework that is to be done. All of these would result in consequences such as bad grades and family issues which are some of the predicaments faced by the people of the Pacific. According to J. Spencer (Spencer, 2010), â€Å"addiction has many f orms when it comes to being addicted to an entertainment form, there is the one that’s bad and then the one that’s worse. Women are to take charge of the house when the man is out, not to watch another woman on TV do that. † Additionally, the individuals of today have adapted to another standard of socialising and lifestyle customs that were never proposed by cultures in the first place. Things such as fashion, food, and living behaviour have all took a huge leap due to the ideas presented by the different forms of entertainment. Promoted by movies and music the imminent changes in peoples’ lives have caused a social collapse whereby individuals are unable to maintain the cultural authenticity of the country.A survey conducted in North Carolina’s Institute of Health and Public Services analysed the reasons for the rise in obesity among children below the age of twelve as it was surprising to see that about eighty-nine percent of the people blamed TV commercials and promotions of junk foods through various forms of entertainment such as TV shows and movies. This degradation of the sta ndard of living that has also brought up problems like non-communicable diseases such as diabetes, blood pressure, stroke, heart disease and the most common Alzheimer’s disease which have become obstacles in the life of people today.Finally, it has become obvious that some forms of entertainment, especially television, seems to portray concepts that represent offence as nothing is done about it due to the amount of favours these shows get for their â€Å"crudity† that a lot of modern viewers find to be amusing. Programs like The Simpsons, Family Guy and South Park promote crude humour based on subjects of racism, sexism and other forms of discrimination which is detrimental when it comes into the implementation of viewing the society.In accord to Stephanie (. J, 2001), â€Å"Such programs not only corrupt the mind of the one watching it, but it also develops the root of humanity based crisis’ such as racism, sexism, mockery and prejudice against those who are placed under the limelight of it†. Nowadays we have children speaking in terms which they aren’t supposed to think about, so there is a development of such a mentality at such a young age. All these things could lead to a major predicament among societies.In conclusion, it was seen that the pros and cons had outweighed each other in the feud about the disposition of entertainment in the Pacific which is home to a variety of cultures and due to that, specific forms of influence and ideals could tip the balance of t he flourishing society and since entertainment has a great magnitude of supremacy on the modern people of today, it becomes an influential power whose capacity is to be fathomed for a better understanding of its capabilities. It can be said that entertainment has a kaleidoscopic series of outcomes that could become the deciding factor of our resulting society.

Panasonic and Japans Changing Culture free essay sample

Only a few companies at first started to lay off employees and go back on their promises of employment until retirement because the older their workers, although they worked hard, also were less efficient than younger workers were. As the younger generations saw this happening they concluded that loyalty to both the company and workers would not be reciprocated anymore and became less harder working than previous. This undermined the traditional culture in Japan of the central bargains of housing and retirement packages for an employees hard work and loyalty. Japan’s businesses in the future have to operate with more than one plan when they hire workers to effectively. In 1999 Panasonic gave recruits three different choices when they were signed on in employment. They could continue with being given housing, go free to company social events, and buy cheaper services from banks, while also receiving a two year salary bonus when they retired. We will write a custom essay sample on Panasonic and Japans Changing Culture or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page They could choose to forgo the retirement bonus, while keeping the company housing and be given a higher salary, or they could forgo the retirement bonus and any subsidized services but would be given an even higher salary. In addition to the changes in hiring, companies needed employees to be more risk taking and needed to encourage individuality which is something that was not very prevalent in Japan. Without employees taking risks, companies would suffer and that is what happened to Panasonic as they were forced to close thirty factories, and cut 13,000 jobs while selling â€Å"huge amounts of assets†. 3. Japanese culture in the 1950’s-1980’s benefited Panasonic greatly because of how after the World War II defeat, Japan was humiliated and it seemed fair that they would be taken care of if they worked hard for their company. For Panasonic this was a great thing because employees worked extremely hard for the greater good of Panasonic and Panasonic responded by giving the employees â€Å"blessings† of company housing, and free social events. 4. With Panasonic cutting 15,000 employees and closing another additional 27 plants, Panasonic is trying to achieve a lower overhead cost in operation and also is trying to find out who their best workers are so that they are not kept down when they should be promoted. By quickly responding to the recession, it showed a change in Panasonic’s company policies and shows that they might be moving even further away from company subsidized housing and to make employees become harder workers not because they know that they cannot be fired, but that they can be fired, at any time. If Panasonic implements these changes quickly, they will receive a lot of backlash from all those displaced employees and if they did it like this it would truly symbolize how Panasonic has changed into a company that is becoming westernized and is only concerned with how the company does and not their employees. If the changes take years to implement, although it would greatly affect the profitability of the company, it would give employees chances to adapt to changes of no longer being employed and give them chances to be hired in another company. By making changes slowly, Panasonic would be able to claim that it still wished to use the old way of never cutting jobs but it could not do it in this economy and had to do so to survive. 5. The Panasonic case teaches me that there is a fine line between societal culture and business success and sometimes you have to be able to choose between the two to realize which is more important to you. To some companies, such as Panasonic, trying hard to keep with the societal culture becomes too much of a strain for a company to bear so they are forced to adapt and realize that business success is more important that having all your workers love you. It may not be the type of business practice that gives you the best reputation but it will give you the greatest profit margins.

NHL

NHL I English **************************************************************** Thank you for purchasing EA Sports NHL 2002. This README file contains information on features not covered in the manual, as well as more detailed information on certain features already covered in the manual. The README file also contains information on performance issues, multiplayer issues, 3D Acceleration issues, and hardware issues.ATI Rage 128 logo################################################################ 1) Performance Issues and Troubleshooting a) 3D Accelerators b) Improving Gameplay Performance c) Improving Graphic Details d) Memory e) Sound Card f) CD-ROM g) Joystick h) Modem i) Network j) Internet 2) Importing your face 3) Custom Teams/Import Logo 4) Importing Music 5) Career Mode 6) Coaching Pressure 7) AI Options 8) Saving and Loading Settings 9) Game Controls 10) EA.com Update 11) EA.com Matchmaker 12) Screenshots 13) Stat Abbreviations 14) Operating Systems ############################### ################################# ================================================================ 1) Performance Issues and Troubleshooting ================================================================ a) 3D Accelerators *3D SETUP PROGRAM* 3D Setup is the utility that lets you choose which 3D card you want to use with NHL 2002. NHL 2002 supports most newer 3D accelerators. You must have a supported 3D accelerator to run NHL 2002.3D Setup is automatically run in the background when you first install NHL 2002. It will choose the best 3D accelerator on your system to run with NHL 2002.If you want to change the 3D accelerator used with NHL 2002, or if you install a new 3D accelerator, run 3DSetup located in the Start Menu under EA SPORTS NHL 2002.*Note:Voodoo cards using a resolution greater than 800x600 have troubles running the game. Please make sure your resolution is set at 480x640.ATI Rage Pro It would appear that there is some sort of incompatibility issue when running our game with Windows ME and a Rage Pro that causes excessive...

Cognitive Grammar - Definition and Discussion

Cognitive Grammar - Definition and Discussion Cognitive grammar is a  usage-based approach to grammar that emphasizes symbolic and semantic definitions of theoretical concepts that have traditionally been analyzed as purely syntactic.Cognitive grammar is associated with wider movements in contemporary language studies, especially cognitive linguistics  and functionalism. The term cognitive grammar was introduced by American linguist Ronald Langacker in his two-volume study Foundations of Cognitive Grammar (Stanford University Press, 1987/1991). Observations Portraying grammar as a purely formal system is not just wrong but wrong-headed. I will argue, instead, that grammar is meaningful. This is so in two respects. For one thing, the elements of grammar- like vocabulary items- have meanings in their own right. Additionally, grammar allows us to construct and symbolize the more elaborate meanings of complex expressions (like phrases, clauses, and sentences). It is thus an essential aspect of the conceptual apparatus through which we apprehend and engage the world.(Ronald W. Langacker, Cognitive Grammar: A Basic Introduction. Oxford University Press, 2008)Symbolic AssociationsCognitive grammar . . . chiefly departs from traditional theories of language in its contention that the way in which we produce and process language is determined not by the rules of syntax but by the symbols evoked by linguistic units. These linguistic units include morphemes, words, phrases, clauses, sentences and whole texts, all of which are deemed inherently sym bolic in nature. The way in which we join linguistic units together is also symbolic rather than rule-driven because grammar is itself meaningful   (Langacker 2008a: 4). In claiming a direct symbolic association between linguistic form (what it terms phonological structure) and semantic structure, Cognitive Grammar denies the need for an organizational system to mediate between the phonological and semantic structures (i.e. syntax).(Clara Neary, Profiling the Flight of The Windhover. (Cognitive Grammar in Literature, ed. by  Chloe Harrison et al. John Benjamins, 2014)​ Assumptions of Cognitive GrammarA Cognitive Grammar is based on the following assumptions... .:The grammar of a language is part of human cognition and interacts with other cognitive faculties, especially with perception, attention, and memory. . . .The grammar of a language reflects and presents generalizations about phenomena in the world as its speakers experience them. . . .Forms of grammar are, like lexical items, meaningful and never empty or meaningless, as often assumed in purely structural models of grammar.The grammar of a language represents the whole of a native speakers knowledge of both the lexical categories and the grammatical structures of her language.The grammar of a language is usage-based in that it provides speakers with a variety of structural options to present their view of a given scene.(G. Radden and R. Dirven, Cognitive English Grammar. John Benjamins, 2007)Langackers  Four PrinciplesA primary commitment to Cognitive Grammar is . . . to provide an optima l set of constructs for explicitly describing the linguistic structure. Its formulation has been guided throughout by a number of principles thought to be helpful in achieving such optimality. The first principle . . . is that functional considerations should inform the process from the outset and be reflected in the frameworks architecture and descriptive apparatus. Because the functions of language involve the manipulation and symbolization of conceptual structures, a second principle is the need to characterize such structures at a reasonable level of explicit detail and technical precision. To be revealing, however, descriptions must be natural and appropriate. Thus, a third principle is that language and languages have to be described in their own terms, without the imposition of artificial boundaries or Procrustean modes of analysis based on conventional wisdom. As a corollary, formalization is not to be considered an end in itself, but must rather be assessed for its utility at a given stage of an investigation. That no attempt has yet been made to formalize Cognitive Grammar reflects the judgment that the cost of the requisite simplifications and distortions would greatly outweigh any putative benefits. Finally, a fourth principle is that claims about language should be broadly compatible with secure findings of related disciplines (e.g., cognitive psychology, neuroscience, and evolutionary biology). Nevertheless, the claims and descriptions of Cognitive Grammar are all supported by specifically linguistic considerations.(Ronald W. Langacker, Cognitive Grammar.  The Oxford Handbook of Cognitive Linguistics, ed. by  Dirk Geeraerts and Herbert Cuyckens. Oxford University Press, 2007)

Bureaucracy Assignment Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Bureaucracy Assignment - Research Paper Example The development of science and technology during the 1950s and 60s called for an increased in education funding which later expanded to education of the poor, minorities, women, the disabled and foreign nationals. This led to the passage of a Public Law Act for the creation of a Department of Education Organization in 1979. The main priorities of this department was to ensure equal access to education for all, to improve the quality of education, involve both parents and public in matters of education, increase federal research and support, improve coordination, management and efficiency of federal education programs and increase the accountability of such programs to the President. While the initial purpose of the department is being upheld till date, the increasing global competitiveness has also increased the need to prepare the American students to face this challenged through fostering excellent educational opportunities to all classes of people. The present Secretary of the US Department of Education is Arne Duncun. He was nominated by the President-elect Barack Obama to be the secretary of education and the US Senate confirmed his position on the Inauguration Day in 2009. The major goal of the department of education is to ensure equal access to education for all and also to improve the excellence of education throughout the country. The secretary in the Department of Education coordinates, supervises and directs all the activities within the department in addition to performing the role of the principle advisor to the President in matters concerning federal policies, programs and other related events in the field of education. The secretary remains the Chief Operating Officer of the Department and is followed in succession by the deputy and under Secretary, General Counsel and Chief Financial Officer. The Deputy Secretary in the Department of Education is responsible for developing and implementing educational policies and programs for the elementary an d secondary educational programs, which involves providing a safe and drug-free environment in schools, special education for students with disabilities and rehabilitative education for those coming from a culturally different background and development of interventional education programs and reforms. The Under Secretary is concerned with postsecondary, higher and adult educational policies and programs, college aids and reforms for the Presidential Pell Grant program. The secretary is supported by members who constitute the immediate office of the secretary. They are required to provide logistics support and advice to the secretary. The members include the Chief of Staff, Deputy Chief of Staff for Strategy and Policy and Programs, Senior Advisor and White House Liaison. The immediate office of the Secretary in turn directs the executive management staff who provide administrative and management services, scheduling and advance staff who are concerned with managing the daily inform ation needs of the office of the Secretary and logistics, the executive secretariat tracks all the correspondence between the offices of the Secretary, Deputy and Under Secretary, the White house initiative in tribal colleges and university staff seeks to ensure the tribal colleges are granted proper accreditation in addition to gaining federal grants and high-quality education for all, the International Affairs Office offers advice on international issues and initiatives that may affect the educational polic

Concept memo or a proposal letter [this mini-proposal, which can be an Research

Concept memo or a letter [this mini- , which can be an expanded formal targeted at a specific Request f - Research Proposal Example Basic requirements The Pollution Prevention (P2) grant program has been initiated by aforementioned authorities for funding projects that aim at promoting environmental protection and reduction of waste emission. This program acknowledges the need to control number of lives that are lost each year to harmful social and environmental evils. Many business operations have devastating impact on our environment and health of people in surroundings. Pollution, gas emissions and contamination are common consequences for any business activity, which affect life expectancy of people across the globe. It is high time that several projects shall be initiated, that are dedicated to addressing these grave concerns and guarantee effective positive results upon completion of them. Businesses must become part of this program and promote awareness of environmental concerns and adoption of source reduction techniques (Norfolk and District, 1996; Blomquist, 1994). To cater this, a project has been plan ned to be initiated that provides technical assistance in designing measures of preventing pollution at the root source only. Offered solutions This project shall facilitate on-site training and education of employees for moving radically towards greener side and being more environment-friendly and health-conscious. It will provide learning opportunities for key personnel to conduct change management effectively within their organizations promoting positive attitudes and awareness for environmental footprint of business activities. Programs and events shall be arranged to educate the masses and create awareness to gain public support. Major objectives of this project include substantial reduction of carbon gas emissions and discovery of alternatives for factors of input that are either unsafe or otherwise have sustainability concerns. Heavy and thorough research is planned to be carried out to find new methods and horizons which enhance environmental performance of business and radi cally convert conventional business processes into pro-environment practices. Focusing on hazardous pollutants that are used in or result from business activities, this project aims at saving forests and trees, condemning chemical processes that increase carbon dioxide or greenhouse gas emission and running pressure groups to promote usage of low carbon-emission vehicles polluting our environment. Implementation plan A detailed plan of implementation has been developed to achieve the planned outcomes from this project. Significant funding shall be required for conducting in-depth research for finding alternate methods and material (Kegler, et al., 1998). Various market surveys and interviewing techniques shall be deployed to collect vast amount of data and statistics from diversified sources. The project will require essential information regarding activities that cause carbon emission, costs involved, strong environmental and social stances taken by various green organizations, way s to improve efficiency of material having sustainability concerns, other projects working towards similar goals and other vital data that may be required from time to time. Thereafter,

Ethical issues in international business Essay Example for Free

Ethical issues in international business Essay When we pay a large tip to secure a specific table in a restaurant. There is usually some personal happiness-related reason behind our action. Among many of our reasons could be that we want to be nearer to performers on the stage in order for us to secure a better view for our enjoyment. Another reason could be that we want to have a specific view available for us while we dine. If we do not pay a large tip, then there is a bigger risk that we would not get the table that we want. Therefore paying the large tip reduced that risk significantly and makes us likely to get what we want. This case is the same as when a business company pays a bride to certain entities in order to secure a contract. When perceived in Bentham’s perspective, â€Å"happiness† to a business may be equated to progress and profit which in turn may be acquired through appropriate business actions such as securing profitable contracts. The company pays a certain amount in order to get more business which will eventually pay back several fold. This is exactly the utilitarian principle that Bentham explained which may be neatly applied to both cases. In the restaurant, the customer pays a larger tip in order to enjoy the â€Å"happiness† of a specific table. In business, the company pays a bribe in order to enjoy the â€Å"happiness† of obtaining a contract. Although one of the two situations is illegal, that does not mean that the principle between the two situations are different. In as much as companies are not allowed by law to make bribes for contracts, slipping a $50 for a waiter to secure a seat often happens without the knowledge of the waiter’s supervisor. In that sense we may see that both actions to have moral repercussions. It is just that one tends to be more pronounced with respect to its consequences than the other.

A View From The Bridge Essay-Arthur Miller -- English Literature:

A View From The Bridge Essay-Arthur Miller â€Å"A View From The Bridge† is a story with many themes and aspects such as love, The American Dream, Justice, Law and Family Honour. The story â€Å"A View From The Bridge† is about an Italian American community living in Red Hook, New York. The Italian American community in Red Hook are mainly all immigrants living in the country unlawfully. I will briefly describe the play. Alfieri, an Italian-American lawyer in his fifties, enters the stage and sits in his office. From his desk he talks to the audience and he introduces the story of Eddie Carbone. Alfieri compares himself to a lawyer in Caesar’s time. Eddie walks down the street to his house As Eddie reaches his front door two fellow Longshoremen, Louis and Mike greet him. Eddie’s niece, Catherine reaches out of the window and waves to Eddie and Louis. When Eddie enters the house he gently scolds Catherine for flirting with the boys. Eddie thinks she should be more reserved and not †walk so wavy†. Beatrice, Eddie’s wife, is also home. When Beatrice and Catherine set the table for dinner, they convince Eddie to let Catherine take a job as a stenographer down by the docks but Eddie didn’t want her to take the job because he thinks the men will take advantage of her and he wants Catherine to finish college. Eddie informs Beatrice that her cousins Marco and Rodolpho will be arriving early from Italy. Beatrice and Eddie plan to hide Marco and Rodolpho while they work in the country illegally to send money back home. Marco and Rodolpho arrive at the house and a brief reunion. Marco tells the Carbone family that he has three children and a wife back home that he will be sending money to. Rodolpho is the younger blond... ... sight of a man destroying himself, while those around him are as powerless as the audience to prevent it. This is hinted at by the beginning of the play. This play shows a whole range of emotions and tackles many issues such as The American Dream, Justice, Law and family Honour. In the end I thought that because Eddie and Catherine cared deeply for each other this led to Eddie being jealous of Rodolpho and over protective of Catherine, which split the relationship between Catherine and Eddie but also led towards the death of Eddie. All the characters in the play then suffered a tragedy because nobody gained anything in the play or achieved their dreams but mostly lost things instead of gaining things. Family honour might have been satisfied, but only through Eddie so that also proved to be negative because only Eddie dealt with it and nobody else did.

Explain dietary requirements

The strengths and weaknesses of the record must be highlighted in PA and discussed about in Produce a plan in your own format and it must ensure the following; Use assignment brief for guidance to complete all deprecate a plan in your own format and It must ensure the following; use be highlighted In PA and discussed about In Mackerel 7 days The nutritional plan e highlighted In PA and discussed about In Produce a plan In your own format introduce a plan In your own format and It must ensure the following; use be highlighted in PA and discussed about in MIT must ensure the following: Use must ensure the following; Use assignment brief for guidance to complete all the criteria 7 days The nutritional plan must match your diet record, PA. The strengths and weaknesses of the record must be highlighted in PA and discussed about in Produce a plan in your own format and it must ensure the following; use assignment rife for guidance to complete all the criteria 7 days The nutritional plan mu st match your diet record, PA.The strengths and weaknesses of the record must be highlighted in PA and discussed about in Produce a plan in your own format and it must ensure the following; use assignment brief for guidance to complete all the highlighted in PA and discussed about in Produce a plan In your own format and it and weaknesses of the record must be highlighted In PA and discussed about In MM explain dietary requirements By shellfishes ;! &_;Produce a plan in your own format and it must ensure the following; Use hippodrome a plan in your own format and it must ensure the following; Use be highlighted in PA and discussed about in Mesenteric 7 days The nutritional plan be highlighted in PA and discussed about in Produce a plan in your own format introduce a plan in your own format and it must ensure the following; Use be highlighted in PA and discussed about in MIT must ensure the following; Use Produce a plan in your own format and it must ensure the following; Use assignm ent and weaknesses of the record must be highlighted in PA and discussed about in MM .

Book List For Dialectical Journal 2 1 Essay

Quote Reply â€Å"War is peace, freedom is slavery, ignorance is strength† They are the Party slogans, and are wri? en in big le? ers on the white pyramid of the Ministry of Truth. â€Å"Who controls the past controls the future. Who controls the present controls the past. † The people controlling the present control everything and can ul! mately change the past and, therefore; the future. Big brother controls the present. The slogan is an example of the Party’s technique of using false history to  deteriorate the psychological independence of its people. To Kill A Mocking Bird Harper Lee Lord of the Flies William Golding An! gone Sophocles The Joy Luck Club Amy Tan Bless Me, Ul! ma Rudolfo Anaya Black Boy Richard Wright Of Mice and Men John Steinbeck Night Elie Weisel The Things They Carried Tim O’Brien Catcher in the Rye J. D. Salinger Odyssey Homer The Picture of Dorian Grey Oscar Wilde Julius Caesar William Shakespeare The Perks of Being a Wall7ower Stephen Chbosky.

Heat Efficiency Essays

Heat Efficiency Essays Heat Efficiency Essay Heat Efficiency Essay I am attempting to find out how different types of insulation affect the rate at which water cools down. I am going to do this by timing how long it takes for water to cool down when insulated by three different materials, which are: foam, bubble wrap and no insulation. I will control the starting temperature of the water and the amount of water used. Also I will make sure convection is unable to work in my experiment, this is because my insulation will be wrapped around the sides of the container and heat loss through convection occurs when air or liquids rise up. I predict that the bubble wrap will keep the water hot for longest, this is because bubble wrap has pockets of air which will heat up by waves of heat energy. This is called radiation. Therefore the bubble wrap will become a heated insulator and the water will stay hot for longer. The foam has holes in it where heat can radiate through it and because of this heat will be lost more quickly. Finally no insulation at all will cause heat to radiate and conduct rapidly. For my experiment I will need: 3 Tin Cans 3 Thermometers Water set at 80 degrees centigrade Foam Bubble wrap Kettle Stop Watch Measuring cylinder I am going to carry out my experiment by preparing three tin cans, one with no insulation, one insulated by bubble wrap and the other with foam. After this I will boil 250ml of water and put it in the tin can, which is not insulated. I will then wait till the water cools to 80 degrees centigrade then I will put a stopper over the top of the tin can to stop convection this will have a small hole into which a thermometer can be placed. After this I will take temperature measurements at 3mins, 6mins and 9mins. I will then do the same for the other two. I am doing each timing one after the other this is because the experiments would all start at different times because we dont know how long it will take for the water temperatures to drop to the starting temperature. I can not start at 100 degrees centigrade because by the time I have poured the water separately into all three tin cans the water temperature would have dropped and it would not be a fair experiment. I have made this investigation fair by using the same amount of water in each experiment, and making the starting temperature for each experiment equal. I believe that I have a sufficient and accurate enough range of measurements to obtain good information. I will be repeating my experiment three times. Results. Experiment 1. Time (mins) No Insulation Bubble Wrap Foam 3 40 degrees c 55 degrees c 49 degrees c 6 30 degrees c 37 degrees c 40 degrees c 9 27 degrees c 32 degrees c 30 degrees c Experiment 2 Time (mins) No Insulation Bubble Wrap Foam 3 44 degrees c 52 degrees c 47 degrees c 6 29 degrees c 35 degrees c 39 degrees c 9 26 degrees c 29 degrees c 27 degrees c Experiment 3 Time (mins) No Insulation Bubble Wrap Foam 3 47 degrees c 56 degrees c 49 degrees c 6 30 degrees c 37 degrees c 35 degrees c 9 27 degrees c 30 degrees c 28 degrees c = No Insulation = Bubble Wrap = Foam I have found out that bubble wrap is the best insulator. This is because the temperatures collaborated from the water being insulated by the bubble wrap stayed higher for longer. This proves my theory about the air pockets in the bubble wrap, and the air in the pockets being heated up by radiation. It doesnt prove my theory about the holes in the foam however the water insulated by the foam did lose heat quicker than the water insulated by the bubble wrap. But my results still support my prediction. My graphs all look fairly similar. With the line representing the bubble wrap above the rest of the lines. This helps to prove my prediction and support my results. On the graph the temperatures of the water seem to go down fairly evenly and steadily. I believe this has something to do with the equal space between the times that I took measurements. I think the experiment went very well, and that my results are accurate. This is because I repeated the experiment three times and all sets of results are very close. The only odd result I found was in experiment two when the measurement taken after 6 minuets for the bubble wrap was lower than that of the foam, I believe that this is just a cause of experimental error. I could have had more intervals at which I took the temperatures of the water; this would have given me more information to back up my results, however I believe that my set of results still helped me support my prediction. Finally I would like, in future, to carry out an experiment which will tell me if the spacing of the times that measurements are taken affect the evenness of the measurements.

6 steps to dealing with a forgetful boss

6 steps to dealing with a forgetful boss Every job has a secret component that never appears on a job description or annual review: managing your relationship with your boss. Unless you’re at the very top of your company’s food chain, you have a manager who works above and with you to make sure you’re doing what you need to do. But although this is a highly professional relationship, it’s also a human one, with your personality and your boss’s in play. If you have a boss who tends to forget things, or has a short attention span, the work day can feel a bit like Groundhog Day as you explain and re-explain things- but it doesn’t have to be that way. Let’s go over some strategies you can use to make sure your boss has all the info she needs, while helping you keep your sanity.1. Put it in writingWhen you come out of a meeting, or discuss something with your boss, follow up with notes soon after. That way, you have a record of what you talked about, what next steps were, what eve ryone’s responsibilities will be, etc. When your boss comes to you later to ask about topic X, you’ll be able to say, â€Å"Oh, I have the notes on that from last week. I can resend.† Then it’s just a quick email forward, and not a rehash discussion of things you’d already covered.2. Be proactiveDon’t wait for your boss to come to you with a request like, â€Å"Can you update me on X?† or â€Å"I’m blanking on what you were going to do next for Y.† Sending short, regular status updates on various projects can help keep your boss in the loop (preventing queries and you having to stop and explain things), and jog his memory about what you’re doing, and when.3. Target your informationIf you’re dealing with a boss’s short attention span (or busy-ness, or distraction) keep your discussions focused. If you have a status meeting where you update on a number of projects, send an agenda with the most importan t items highlighted, so that you can keep the discussion focused on specific points. Instead of having large meetings on a range of topics, consider having shorter meetings, each on a separate and targeted topic. Staying on-topic can prevent attention and discussions from wandering too far from the subject at hand.4. Use email more efficientlyNothing gets lost in an inbox faster than an email subject line of â€Å"Hey, quick question† or â€Å"Meeting to discuss.† The ease and portability of email often makes for casual writing, but whether you’re sending an email from your desk or on the fly from your phone, take the time to make the subject line as specific as possible. That makes it more findable in your boss’s inbox, and may help head off follow-up questions that have already been answered.5. Tailor to your boss’s personalityThink about what the core issue is here. Is he forgetful because he’s in constant meetings, and just doesn’ t have time to process information? Does she do better with visual presentations than with long-winded discussions? It’s like how teachers adapt their classrooms to how students learn. If you consider why your boss is forgetful or isn’t paying attention, it can help you figure out how to attack the issue. It doesn’t mean your boss is doing a bad job- just that her style may be different from your own.6. Turn to technologyIf you don’t feel comfortable setting reminders for your boss, there are ways to let tech do that for you. Productivity apps like Asana or Evernote can help you manage your own workload and projects, but they also have built-in tools like the ability to assign tasks to other people, send email reminders, etc. It can be a gentle way to remind your boss that he needs to send you the information you need, or sign off on something before you can proceed. Bonus: it’ll keep you more organized too!If you have a manager whose style can see m absent-minded at times, don’t despair. You can’t necessarily change your boss or his style, but you can work on the way you â€Å"manage up† to help maintain your own productivity and peace of mind.

Strategic Management - Google's Company Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Strategic Management - Google's Company - Essay Example This company has been implementing a generic business level strategy, which involve differentiation through a process of providing unique products and services to their customers. Nevertheless, the company’s success is attributable to search engine services, since these services have increased reliability of internet searches. Therefore, this paper explores Google’s generic business strategies, their implementation and future challenges. Generic Business Strategies One of Google’s generic strategies is differentiation, and it is illustrated through their web search engine services. In this case, this company has managed to differentiate themselves from their competitors by using a PageRank system, which is patented (Google, 2013, 1). In fact, PageRank system operates through search inquiries, which are used to determine recursive score assigned to web pages in terms of weighted sum. Therefore, this system connects web pages in order to form an interrelationship b y which they are accessed. Moreover, this provides a special way of accessing web pages, whereby this accessibility is based on users’ interest rather than number of times a page has been accessed. Furthermore, this way of searching web pages provides a basis of competition among them. On the other hand, the PageRank system integrates an algorithm, which is reorganized time after time in order to ensure that search results are excellent. Google Company is very secretive on issues regarding this algorithm; thus, this has led to difficulties for competitors to imitate their intangible products. Through their secrecy, Google has managed to maintain their competitive advantage. Differentiation strategy through internet searches has also propelled their advertising business. In this case, Google introduced AdWords, which had a significant impact on their advertising business, whereby they provided a way through which clients are able to reach target customers or audience (Google, 2013, 1). In addition, Adwords offers a way through which users create text advertisements and they are able to manage them through accounts without hefty payments. Therefore, their pricing strategy offers a differentiation from their competitors and Google’s partners (Guzak, 2013, 133). Implementation of Current Strategies The differentiation strategies are implemented by Google in entering the existing market, and this has led to significant changes in patterns because of increased number of internet users. Moreover, the differentiation strategy focuses on satisfying diversified needs for their customers (Guzak, 2013, 133). In fact, implementation of this strategy is undertaken through their search engine strategic direction, which is applied in the processes of penetrating into a market, in product and market development. On the other hand, this company uses Adwords to implement diversification strategy, especially in the process of introducing products in new market. For instance, in 2000, Google laid strategies that involved targeting customers, who were seeking advertisement services through internet-based searches. Therefore, implementation of diversification strategy through Adwords has generated significant revenue for this company, thereby becoming one of

Writting paper Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Writting paper - Essay Example Struggling financially is a burden for them both, yet the husband is placing his career in danger by taking time off due to hangovers. The wife is willing to go out to work so that extra money is brought into the house but the husband believes that his wife should stay at home and raise the children; conventionally this is ideal, however the husband can not afford to be as proud or stubborn as he is being so far. The husband is placing extra pressure on his wife by drinking. Not only is this using the finances they are struggling to earn, but he is not providing the physical and mental support she needs. The husband has a family history of drinking, this is an added concern as alcoholism can be a genetic issue. The husband is repentant when sober and knows he is wrong, yet when his wife attempts to confront him regarding this, he leaves the house to go and drink. With regards to the rest of the family, there are older children present who are equally concerned with their father’s behaviour, they have asked questions regarding his drinking and are worried that as their grandfather died of a drinking related illness, their father is at risk. Social issues are apparent as the older children are concerned with regards to bringing friends home. The husband is clearly fraught with worry as to how the family are going to cope financially. Medical bills are bleeding them dry and he is finding it hard to keep his head above water. Clearly a very proud man, he feels that he has to cope with this on his own. Having considered all these facts, it is unmistakably clear that this family needs support and assistance. It is proposed that for a temporary period, or until the family are able to cope again, some intervention is necessary. Firstly, the husband’s drinking needs to be assessed and dealt with; once this has been managed, the husband will feel in a better frame of mind to cope and will discontinue this negative pattern of

Business Plan Proposal Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Business Plan Proposal - Essay Example Two passionate entrepreneurs who are on a mission to revolutionize service delivery in the food and beverage sector founded the company in the year 2009. The main objective of the corporation is to facilitate the provision of affordable food items to the locals in the area. It was set to bridge the gap created by large corporations that are neglecting certain carders of personalities especially the less fortunate. Its target market is the low-income earners who also have a right to enjoy decent meals in hotels (Costello 21). Since its founding, the joint has been recording good performance in terms of revenue and capacity. The performance is attributable to its exemplary management, effective and functional business plan, qualified support staff, and quality services. The food joint has also developed viable operating strategy and competitive plan purposely to foster its sustainability in the dynamic field. In its menu, the company serves its customers with fresh meals that include local/traditional and modern dishes. The dishes include local vegetables, fish, beef, chicken and various snacks. Tea, coffee, soft drinks, and cocktail drinks also form part of the beverages provided to customers. The corporation has remained steadfast since it has a good financial plan, resource mobilization strategy, marketing plan, management and food processing procedure. These aspects elevate its standards to higher levels of competitiveness. The restaurant has a vibrant management team that comprise of the general manager, marketing and product managers. The managers’ role in the institution is to formulate operating guidelines and coordinate affairs at all levels of operation in ensuring that target objectives are met. They are the custodian of the business plan as they work towards ensuring its holistic implementation. They set strategies both operational and non-operational; formulate goals,

Piagets Theory Of Cognitive Development

Piagets Theory Of Cognitive Development Jean Piaget was a Swiss development psychologist who was known for his work on epistemological studies. He is known for his major theory in the area of cognitive development. Cognitive development is a field of studies that emphasised on the neuroscience and psychology aspects of an individual. Development can be seen as process that takes part in every living human starting from bodily level up to cognitive level. The Websters Dictionary defines development as the series of changes which an organism undergoes in passing from an embryonic state to maturity. It is continuous process of expanding or becoming more advance in pursuit of new purposes. Cognitive best can be described as a process involved thinking, acquisition and storage of knowledge at the mental level of a brain. According to Piaget theory, our thinking process changes radically, because we constantly strive to make sense of the world through our senses, perception and experiences in life. (Woolfolk, 2011) According to Khanna (20l0), development in wider context is a progressive change to a greater maturity supported by physiological capacities and psychological capabilities. These changes can be further subcategorised into physical, emotional and intellectual. There are few general principles of development that occurs in all normal individuals. Development occurs at different rates in different individuals. This can be seen quite clearly during the infancy stage. There are cases where some babies start walking later that the expected age of 12 months. This normally can be seen in male babies and I personally can vouch for this statement as my own son; Pratham started walking only when he was 14 months old. Development is a continuous process. Development is continuous process as a child acquired new skills, these skills are added to the pre existence skills in a child and there is no stopping for further acquisition of skills as the child grows. This finding is best describes by the developmental stages theory of Piagets. During sensorimotor stage, a child learns by touching, association and imitation. This phenomenon can be seen clearly when a child repeats patterns in his play such as putting or taking an objects inside or outside a containers. This finding is further supported from a research that was done by Arnold Cath (2003) on a child named Harry. Development occurs in sequence of predictable and orderly stages. It is a known fact that human life is divided into few predicable and orderly stages which is expected of every normal individual in social settings. Robert Havighurst, an American educationalist introduced developmental tasks that characterise six development life stages from infancy and early childhood to later maturity. Another interesting theory of development was coined by Erik Erikson, popularly knows as Psychosocial Development. The main element of his theory emphasis psychosocial process, that development is subject to internal psychological factors and external social factors. This theory looks at eight stages of human life also knows as eight ages of man. According to Sugarman (2004), Erikson theory centre specific issues to resolve by an individual at given stage before moving to the higher stages per below table. Approximate age Issues centre around Important Event in Life 0 1 year Trust Feeding 1 6 years Autonomy Toilet training 6 10 years Purpose Independence 10 14 years Competence School 14 20 years Identity Peer relationship 20 35 years Intimacy Love relationship 35 65 years Generativity Parenting/Mentoring 65 years above Integrity Reflection and acceptance of ones life Development is influenced by heredity Each of us begin life at the moment of conception and hereditary traits are passed from parent to offspring through strings of microscopically small particles knows as genes. Therefore we are different from each other and development of individual is contributed largely by hereditary. According to Blackburn (2000), hereditary traits are transmitted by dominant genes over the weaker ones; an example of a disease that can be transmitted through hereditary is Diabetes. Development is influence by environment There is no denying; environment plays a very big role in human development process. Environment in this context covers social setting, cultural setting and language setting. Vygotskys believed that human activities take place in cultural settings and has a great influence on cognitive development. Vytosky assumed that cultural development appears twice, first on social level (interpsychological) and later on individual level (intrapsychological). For example an Indian child who is born in United States will have different perspective of things compare to an Indian child born in India due to differences in culture and social settings. Indeed, Piagets theory of cognitive development to certain extent has helped teachers to design or tailor made teaching materials to suit learners level of cognitive development but there are others factors too determine effectiveness of learning such as students readiness or motivation level. Piaget proposed theory can be divided into four stages: Sensorimotor, Preoperational, Concrete operational and Formal operational. Piaget emphasised more of the biological maturation of cognitive abilities for each stages. In order for us to understand better, Piaget stage development theory, we need to look closely at changes that happen in various stages proposed by Piaget. Sensorimotor stage The earliest period is called the sensorimotor and begins from birth to two years old. According to Richardson K (2010), infants enter the world with set of simple coordination which we called reflexes. One example of this is the sucking reflex when a child nurses from the mother. Later, when the infant is growing up, his reflex actions will be translated to goal-directed actions through several repetition activities. At this stage, a child develops object permanence, the understanding that objects exist whether they perceive them or not. During this time also, a child learns through imitation from his pre-exist surrounding. Preoperational stage This second stage of the theory is known as the preoperational stage spanning from the period of two to seven years old. According to Axelrod (1999), children are able to manipulate environment symbolically through inner representation by using word, gestures, images and signs. There is drastic development in language and thinking skills. Piaget believed at this stage a child is moving toward mastery but has not fully mastered the mental operations. Another unique characteristics developed during this stage is Egocentrism. The concept of egocentrism means children see the world from their viewpoint and not able to consider other peoples viewpoint. Concrete Operational stage This stage spans from the age of seven to eleven years old. At this age, a child has developed mental operations that allowed them to see and treat the physical world in logical and systematic order. A child at this age is able to provide justification by mastering conservation. According to Mitchell (2004), Piaget had indentified three important operations in conservation process: i) Compensation: Changes in one direction can be compensated by changes in another direction. ii) Identity: If nothing is taken away or added, the material remains the same. iii) Inversion: If the entire process is reversed, the quantity of the materials remains the same. At this point, a child is able making an orderly and sequential arrangement of an object based on size, weight or volume. This process is known as seriation which enable a child to construct logical series such as arranging object from small to large or vice-versa. Formal Operation stage This is the last stage of Piagets developmental theory. This stage ranges from eleven years to adulthood. According to Mitchell (2004) formal as used by Piaget mean well-mannered etiquette. Children at this stage, capable of systematic reasoning about things which take hypothetical form without having to see concrete objects. Students at this level are able to solve science experiments such as the pendulum problems. They are also able to solve algebra problems by using deduction method to derive at certain value. Adolescent at this age, exhibit a phenomena known as adolescent egocentrism. According to Stuart-Hamilton (2006), study conducted by Piaget examined, egocentrism does not refer to selfishness, rather a childs immaturity that whatever he or she can see is the viewpoint of everyone else as well. This is the feeling that they are the centre of attraction and leads to false sense of security, eventually increasing risk taking behaviour like participating in illegal racing, exper imenting with drugs and having unprotected sex. For teachers to fully understand and incorporate Piaget theory into teaching methodology, a teacher need to accept cognition is a process of adaption. According to Meadows (1986) based on Piaget theory, a child actively trying to make sense of the world by adapting to its environment. It proceeds via twin functional invariants of assimilation and accommodation. Before discussing further on assimilation and accommodation, ones need to understand schema first. Schema is a Greek word which means frame. Piagets believes schemas are the basic building blocks of thinking. It is representation of perception and experience of organized systems translates through action. Schemas can be very small or specific, for example cooking pasta. According to Roeckelein (2010), assimilation from Piagets theoretical viewpoint means incorporating new or modified ideas and concepts into a childs existing cognitive structure. Accommodation refer to the childs modification of ideas or concepts of the world in response to new experience that are inconsistent with previous knows idea or concepts. In another word, a person must change existing schema to respond to new situation. Every child in learning process strives to achieve state of equilibration. According to Woolfolk (2010) based on Piaget work, assimilation and accommodation can be viewed as a balancing act. Once the child is able to understand and registered new information in his schema, he achieved the equilibrium stage. Disequilibrium happen when current ways of thinking not working in solving a particular problem, thus the act out of balance occurred. In order for me, to plan an activity that promotes assimilation and accommodation, first I need to do some homework regarding the student Im going to teach. I need to find out their age and prior learning knowledge. For this activity, Im going to device an activity targeted for form one student (13 years old) conducting a lesson on compass direction (geography). It is easier for me to access their prior knowledge, as I have taught them at primary six during Kajian Tempatan period. The students already have basis knowledge of main compass direction (East, West, North and South)- Cardinal direction. Keeping in mind that my students are at formal operational stage which requires plenty usage of visual aids. Therefore in my lesson planning, I will have illustration of slides, diagram and video clipping when presenting new material. I will normally start my lesson by showing a short video clip about a sailor lost at deep sea. This is my normal practice for breaking the ice with students and gauges their interest in the lesson. Randomly I will pick up few students to analyze the video clipping. At this point, many of the students will be able to give the answer Im looking as students at this level are able to think hypothetically. Then I will ask them about their previous learning on this matter, which is compass direction. I will call a student to draw basic direction diagram on the board. In this way Im refreshing their memory to what they have learned during the primary years. Then I will show them a new power point slide on additional compass direction. (North East, South East, South West, North West) Ordinal direction. Compass direction is the schema already exists in student mind. Here, assimilation happen when students fit new information into existing information. Existing information is prior knowledge, which is cardinal direction and new information is ordinal direction (red colour). If you look at the below model, the students did not change their existing schema, rather incorporated new learning to prior learning experiences. Assimilation model NEW KNOWLEDGE PRIOR KNOWLEDGE SCHEMA W S N E NW NE N W Compass Direction E SW SE S ASSIMILATION ORDINAL DIRECTION CARDINAL DIRECTION Teaching the same students, from understanding basic compass direction, the next higher level of learning will be measuring degrees using protractor. Based on their prior learning, protractor was used in their mathematic subjects to find certain angels values. Here the student will faced certain degree of disequilibrium as current way of thinking, using protractor the mathematical ways will not solved problems in geography lesson. This required student to change existing schemas to respond to new situation, thus accommodation is taking place in students learning. In Mathematic, students are required to place the protractor horizontal ways to find value of angel, but in Geography students are required to place protractor the vertical ways to find degrees value. If you look at below model, the students have to change existing schemas to accommodate new learning. Accommodation model EXISTING SCHEMA Mathematical way NEW SCHEMA Geographical way Piagets development theory to certain extent can assist teachers to design teaching in delivering lesson but how effective the learning took parts would be another major concern for teachers. Piaget theory only proposed that learning occurs after development, but in certain cases, children are able to learn at earlier developmental stages. Piaget theory also fails to look at learner motivation which I personally believe is a very big factor in effective learning. Teachers as an educator plays the role of facilitator in imparting information, students on the other hand need to be more accountable of their own learning. There need to be a paradigm shift from teacher centric learning to student learning centric at school level in order to produce world class student.

The House on Mango Street - Fantasy vs. Reality :: House Mango Street

The House on Mango Street - Fantasy vs. Reality Sometime in our lives, we have wished for things we don't have. No matter how hard we wished on the star or a candle, our wishes never seemed to be answered. We have all felt that bitter disappointment on Christmas morning when we finally realized that we were never going to be able to have what we want. This is the same exact feelings that the characters in Cisneros' The House on Mango Street. Unlike us, the disappointment for these characters last throughout their childhood. Esperanza, Rachel, Nenny, Sally, and Lucy are among the kids growing up on Mango Street. They all long for friendship, love, and a better life, but all these kids face are the harsh reality of the "real world." In the society that Esperanza and her friends live in, love takes a back seat when it comes to relationships. "Someday, I will have a best friend all my own. One I can tell my secrets to. One who will understand my jokes without my having to explain them." These are the longing words of Esperanza. While growing up on Mango Street, Esperanza finds herself in a community that she feels she doesn't belong to. With all her heart, she longs for a true friend that she can tell her dreams to and will understand her for it. These wishes seem easy enough to grant, but Esperanza soon finds out that there is more to friendship. "If you give me five dollars, I will be your friend forever." Esperanza discovers that she can not have anything for nothing. Rachel and Lucy sure enough become her friends, but only after she helped them pay for the bike. Esperanza never does truly find a real friend who shares the same goal as she does because all the friends she has have more problems than her. For instance, Sally was a friend for whom Esperanza cared for. When Esperanza was raped, Sally was not there to help her and when Esperanza tried to prevent Sally from making a mistake, Sally told her to leave. All Esperanza wanted was a friendship that would help her escape her life, but all she ended up with were friendships that reminded her of her broken dreams because in her society nothing was given for free and the people she was associated with didn't have the same goals as she did. Another one of those broken dreams was the concept of love. Esperanza was not the only one who longed for a man's endless love.

Methods of Presenting Arts

Certain methods of presenting arts are employed in order for it to be effective. In presenting his subject, the artists uses different methods to express the idea he wants to make clear. The following are the commonly used methods in presenting the subjects of arts: Realism Abstraction Symbolism Fauvism Dadaism Futurism Surrealism Expressionism REALISM It is the attempt to portray the subject as is. The artist selects, changes, and arranges details to express the idea he wants to make clear. The artist main function is to describe accurately what is observed through the senses. Examples of realism ARTS Giora Eshkol (Daydreaming) Willem ClaeszHeda (Banquet Piece with Mince Pie) ABSTRACT It means to move away or separate. Abstract art moves away from showing things as they really are. The art work is not realistic. Types of abstract art Distortion. The subject is in misshaped condition. Elongation. The subject is lengthened for protraction or extension. Mangling, Subjects are either cut, lacerated, mutilated or hacked. Cubism. Subjects are shown in basic geometrical shapes. Samples of abstract art Mary Capan (Title Unknown) Vincent van Gogh (Starry Night) SYMBOLISM The presentation of an invisible sign such as an idea or a quality into something visible. Sample of Symbolism Author Unknown (Memento Mori) FAUVISM Themes are either ethical, philosophical or psychological. Subjects express comfort, joy or happiness. Sample of Fauvist Art work Japanese Propaganda poster during ww II DADAISM A protest movement formed in 1916 by a group of artist in Zurich, Switzerland. They try to provoke the public with outrageous forms of arts. Came from the French word â€Å"dada† meaning â€Å"hobby horse†. FUTURISM Its’ works aims to capture the speed and force of modern industrial society and to glorify the mechanical energy of modern life. SURREALISM Founded in Paris in 1924 by French poet Andre Breton. It tries to reveal a new and higher reality than that of daily life. They claim to create a magical world more beautiful than the real one through art. It came from the slang of super realism. Sample of Surrealism Gennady Privedentsev (Bird`s Cocktail) EXPRESSIONISM The Expressionist emphasis on individual perspective has been characterized as a reaction to positivism and other artistic styles such as naturalism and impressionism.

How Humans Have Contributed to Climate Change

CLIMATE CHANGE: HOW THE HOMO SAPIENS HAVE CONTRIBUTED By Ernest Ebo Jackson TERM PAPER Climate change refers to change in average weather patterns and can be caused by both natural processes and human activities. In the past, the earth's climate has been affected by natural factors such as changes in solar output and the discharge of volcanic ash. In fact, the planet has been through many periods of cooling and warming. The last period of major cooling ended about 10,000 years ago. The physical evidence that suggests that the earth’s climate is changing is truly overwhelming. The world’s glaciers are retreating and disappearing, extreme weather is occurring more often now than in the past, the sea’s level and temperature is on the rise and it’s becoming more acidic, increased evaporation is drying out the earth’s supply of fresh water found in lakes and rivers, heat waves kill thousands in Europe, uncontrollable forests fires are destroying forests reserves in places like Australia and Africa, and increasing atmospheric temperature is raising the budget of many families in tropical countries use in cooling their homes. Need I say more? The sun's warmth heats the surface of the earth, which in turn radiates energy back to space. Some of this radiation, which is nearly all in the infrared spectrum, is trapped in the atmosphere by greenhouse gases. For instance, water vapor strongly absorbs radiation with wavelengths between 4 and 7 micrometers, and carbon dioxide (CO2) absorbs radiation with wavelengths between 13 and 19 micrometers. The trapped radiation warms the lower atmosphere, or troposphere. Some heat then finds its way back down to the Earth's surface, making it hotter than it would otherwise be. This is the greenhouse effect. Carbon dioxide levels in the atmosphere over the last 400,000 years show a rise since the industrial revolution. Analysis of ice in a core drilled from an ice sheet such as the Antarctic ice sheet enables scientist to arrive at this conclusion. But since when did humans becoming aware of the potentially adverse effects of Carbon dioxide emissions on the climate? As early as 1827, French polymath Jean-Baptiste Fourier predicts an atmospheric effect eeping the earth warmer than it would otherwise be. He is the first to use a greenhouse analogy. Also in 1957, US oceanographer Roger Revelle warns that humanity is conducting a â€Å"large-scale geophysical experiment† on the planet by releasing greenhouse gases. Colleague David Keeling sets up first continuous monitoring of CO2 levels in the atmosphere. Keeling soon finds a regular year-on-year rise. Over the years, there have been many conferences aimed at finding solutions to climate change or global warming. In 1985 for instance, there was a major international conference on the greenhouse effect at Villach, Austria, which warned that greenhouse gases will â€Å"in the first half of the next century, cause a rise of global mean temperature which is greater than any in man's history. † This could cause sea levels to rise by up to one meter, researchers say. The conference also reports that gases other than carbon dioxide, such as methane, ozone, CFCs and nitrous oxide, also contribute to warming. The world’s nations however have not been united in their quest to curb global warming or climate change. Many nations have been selfish, especially developed ones, seeking first to achieve or maintain economic growth and thus world dominance rather than make the sacrifices needed to reverse the negative trend of climate change. . A revisit to some historical event will help buttress this point. 1995 proved to be the hottest year recorded to date. In March, the Berlin Mandate is agreed by signatories at the first full meeting of the Climate Change Convention in Berlin. Industrialized nations agree on the need to negotiate real cuts in their emissions, to be concluded by the end of 1997. In 1996, at the second meeting of the Climate Change Convention, the US agrees for the first time to legally binding emissions targets and sides with the IPCC against influential skeptical scientists. After a four-year pause, global emissions of CO2 resume their steep climb, and scientists warn that most industrialized countries will not meet Rio agreement to stabilize emissions at 1990 levels by the year 2000. Furthermore, in 1997, Kyoto Protocol agrees legally binding emissions cuts for industrialized nations, averaging 5. 4%, to be met by 2010. The meeting also adopts a series of flexibility measures, allowing countries to meet their targets partly by trading emissions permits, establishing carbon sinks such as forests to soak up emissions, and by investing in other countries. The precise rules are left for further negotiations. Meanwhile, the US government says it will not ratify the agreement unless it sees evidence of â€Å"meaningful participation† in reducing emissions from developing countries. In 2001, the new US president, George W Bush, renounces the Kyoto Protocol because he believes it will damage the US economy. After some hesitation, other nations agree to go ahead without him. Talks in Bonn in July and Marrakech in November finally conclude the fine print of the protocol. Analysts say that loopholes have pegged agreed cuts in emissions from rich-nation signatories to less than a third of the original Kyoto promise. Signatory nations urged to ratify the protocol in their national legislatures in time for it to come into force before the end of 2002. Now let’s talk about a second human behavior that is negatively impacting the climate – deforestation. Deforestation is the permanent destruction of indigenous forests and woodlands by the processes of humans such as logging and/or burning of trees in a forested area. Deforestation occurs because of many reasons: trees or derived charcoal are used as or sold for fuel or a commodity to be used by humans, while cleared land is used by humans as pasture for livestock, plantations of commodities, and settlements. People's removal of trees without sufficient reforestation has resulted in damage to habitat, biodiversity loss and aridity. It has adverse impacts on biosequestration (the capture and storage of the atmospheric greenhouse gas carbon dioxide by biological processes) of atmospheric carbon dioxide. Deforested regions typically incur significant adverse soil erosion and frequently degrade into wasteland. Forests (an area with a high density of trees. ) are the most natural biological formation. They serve many functions. Firstly, forests protect and form other natural resources. Thanks to the processes of photosynthesis, they renew the oxygen stock in the atmosphere by fixing atmospheric carbon dioxide and moderating the greenhouse effect. Forests also allow for the existence of many species of plants and animals, thus protecting diversity of nature and its gene stock. Forests clean the environment by muffling noises, lowering the wind strength as well as stopping dust and gases. They have a regulatory influence on surface water runoff; they moderate high and low temperatures and prevent soil erosion. By performing all of the above listed functions forests stabilize the climate and shape the landscape. Forests create conditions for relaxation, recreation and improvement of health. Only when actively growing can trees or forest remove carbon over an annual or longer timeframe. The decay and burning of wood releases much of this stored carbon back to the atmosphere. In order for forests to take up carbon, the wood must be harvested and turned into long-lived products and trees must be re-planted. Sadly consumer trends indicate the humans like to discard products such as furniture after only a few years of usage and buy new ones, increasing the need for wood and thus deforestation. Reducing emissions from the tropical deforestation and forest degradation in developing countries has emerged as new potential solution to complement ongoing climate policies. The idea consists in providing financial compensations for the reduction of greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions from deforestation and forest degradation†. The earlier these ideas are implemented, the better for us. The hydrological effects on climate as a result of deforestation are even more alarming. The water cycle is probably the most affected by deforestation. Trees extract groundwater through their roots and release it into the atmosphere. When part of a forest is removed, the trees no longer evaporate away this water, resulting in a much drier climate. Already, acute water shortages in countries like Egypt, Israel, Jordan, Palestine and Iraq has resulted in armed conflicts with factions fighting to control the scanty water resources available. Water prices increase too is an indication of global water shortage. In Britain, water and sewage bills increased 67 percent between 1989 and 1995. The rate at which people's services were disconnected rose by 177 percent. Deforestation also contributes to decreased evapotranspiration (the sum of evaporation and plant transpiration from the Earth's land surface to atmosphere), which lessens atmospheric moisture which in some cases affects precipitation levels downwind from the deforested area, as water is not recycled to downwind forests, but is lost in runoff and returns directly to the oceans. According to one preliminary study in deforested north and northwest China, the average annual precipitation decreased by one third between the 1950s and the 1980s. Trees, and plants in general, affect the water cycle significantly: their canopies intercept a proportion of precipitation, which is then evaporated back to the atmosphere (canopy interception); their litter, stems and trunks slow down surface runoff; their roots create macropores – large conduits – in the soil that increase infiltration of ater; they contribute to terrestrial evaporation and reduce soil moisture via transpiration; their litter and other organic residue change soil properties that affect the capacity of soil to store water. Their leaves control the humidity of the atmosphere by transpiration. 99% of the water pulled up by the roots move up to the leaves for transpiration. As a result, the presence or absence of trees can change the quantity of water on the surface, in the soil or groundwater , or in the atmosphere. This in turn changes erosion rates and the availability of water for either ecosystem functions or human services. Tropical rainforests produce about 30% of our planet's fresh water. So what are we waiting for? When will human start acting to reverse these trends? I wish I knew. The third human activity that has contributed to global warming is the use of chlorofluorocarbon. A chlorofluorocarbon (CFC) is an organic compound that contains carbon, chlorine, and fluorine. Many CFCs have been widely used as refrigerants, propellants (in aerosol applications), and solvents. Applications exploit the low toxicity, low reactivity, and low flammability of the CFCs. During World War II, various chloroalkanes were in standard use in military aircraft. After the war they slowly became more common in civil aviation as well. In the 1960s, fluoroalkanes and bromofluoroalkanes became available and were quickly recognized as being highly effective fire-fighting materials. By the late 1960s they were standard in many applications where water and dry-powder extinguishers posed a threat of damage to the protected property, including computer rooms, telecommunications switches, laboratories, museums and art collections. Beginning with warships, in the 1970s, bromofluoroalkanes also progressively came to be associated with rapid knockdown of severe fires in confined spaces with minimal risk to personnel. By the early 1980s, bromofluoroalkanes were in common use on aircraft, ships, and large vehicles as well as in computer facilities and galleries. A planet's climate is decided by its mass, its distance from the sun and the composition of its atmosphere. Earth's atmosphere is 78% nitrogen, 21% oxygen, and 1% other gases. Carbon dioxide makes up just 0. 03 – 0. 04% with water vapour varying in amount from 0 to 2%. Without the greenhouse gases, Earth's average temperature would be roughly -20 °C. The use of chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs) in machinery and other purposes have resulted in the release of CFCs into the atmosphere which intensifies the heat-trapping properties of the atmosphere as a whole. There is no natural process that release CFCs. In addition, CFCs rise into the upper layer of the atmosphere, the stratosphere, where they destroy the protective layer of ozone, a gas that forms a shield against ultraviolet rays that can harm many forms of life. About l million tons (over 900,000 metric tons) per year of CFCs have been released worldwide since the mid l970s. Demand for refrigeration (which has cooling systems that use CFCs) in developing countries is projected to increase greatly, especially in China and India. Ozone losses in the upper atmosphere are occurring at all latitudes in both hemispheres. The most striking example of ozone loss occurs over the South Pole during September and October. As ozone is lost, the amount of biologically harmful UV-B radiation will increase. Skin cancer rates are expected to increase. Other health effects will likely include an increase in cataracts and suppression of the immune system. Increased UV-B radiation may also harm plants and animals. These CFCs have a global warming potential of up to 11,000 times as strong as carbon dioxide by weight. Unfortunately, millions of products such as refrigerators, air conditioners, fire extinguishers and aerosol cans that contain CFCs are still in use around the world and are nearing the end of their usable lives. The next 10-20 years present a unique one-time opportunity to prevent emissions from these products as they are retired and therefore mitigate ozone damage and global climate change. The damage caused by CFCs was discovered by Sherry Rowland and Mario Molina who, after hearing a lecture on the subject of James Lovelock's work, embarked on research resulting in the first publication suggesting the connection in 1974. It turns out that one of CFCs' most attractive features—their low reactivity— is the key to their most destructive effects. CFCs' lack of reactivity gives them a lifespan that can exceed 100 years, giving them time to diffuse into the upper stratosphere. Once in the stratosphere, the sun's ultraviolet radiation is strong enough to cause the homolytic cleavage of the C-Cl bond. Since the late 1970s, the use of CFCs has been heavily regulated. By 1987, in response to a dramatic seasonal depletion of the ozone layer over Antarctica, diplomats in Montreal forged a treaty, the Montreal Protocol, which called for drastic reductions in the production of CFCs. On March 2, 1989, 12 European Community nations agreed to ban the production of all CFCs by the end of the century. In 1990, diplomats met in London and voted to significantly strengthen the Montreal Protocol by calling for a complete elimination of CFCs by the year 2000. On October 2 2009, the Environmental and Energy Study Institute (EESI) held a briefing about the stockpile of chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs) in old equipment and building infrastructure, and the enormous potential for these potent greenhouse gases to accelerate climate change. These CFC â€Å"banks† store the equivalent of 18 billion tons of carbon dioxide, approximately one-third of which will be emitted over the next decade under business as usual. EESI estimates that the destruction of CFCs could cost $62 -$180 billion globally. No wonder institutions are reluctant to destroy them though they are very much conscious of the effects CFCs are having on our climate. As the evidence shows, we have ourselves to blame for the unfavorable climate in recent history. Our practices are changing the climate and we are conscious of it but still keep on living life as if nothing is at stake. The billions of dollars that we gain from over-exploiting the earth are the same billion we spent on relief for victims of extreme weather. What then do we gain? The U. S. has sustained 96 weather-related disasters over the past 30 years in which overall damages/costs reached or exceeded $1 billion. The total normalized losses for the 96 events exceed $700 billion. Read an instance in the paragraph below. Southwest/Great Plains Drought persists for an entire year in 2009. Drought conditions occurred during much of the year across parts of the Southwest, Great Plains, and southern Texas causing agricultural losses in numerous states (TX, OK, KS, CA, NM, and AZ). The largest agriculture losses occurred in TX and CA. Estimate of over $5. 0 billion in damages/costs. I believe the arguments presented herein are very conclusive. Humans have contributed immensely to climate change and they are paying for it.